Permanent Canines

Question 1

uThe canines are also referred to as _____. Some patients may call the canines their _____or in some instances their ___

Question 2

uThe canines have been called the “____ of the ____,” since they are intermediary between the ____ and____ teeth in ___, ___ and ____ ____.

Answer 2

uThe canines have been called the “cornerstones of the mouth,” since they are intermediary between the incisors and posterior teeth in function, form and arch position.

Question 3

uThe canines are the most ____ teeth in the mouth.
uThey have the longest combined ___ ___ ___ ___ in each arch.

Question 4

uThe canine root is very firmly anchored in the ___ ____. The thick ___ ____of bone overlying the root is called the ____ _____

Answer 4

uThe canine root is very firmly anchored in the alveolar bone. The thick facial plate of bone overlying the root is called the canine eminence.

Question 5

uThey are normally the last teeth in the mouth to be l___ to ___ ____
uThey make excellent____ for ___ and ___ ____

Answer 5

uThey are normally the last teeth in the mouth to be lost to periodontal disease.
uThey make excellent abutments for bridges and partial dentures.

Question 6

uThe cusp tips of the permanent canines are ___ ___ the ___ ____
uMore of the crown is ___ to the root center due to the prominence of the ___ ____ ___ ____.

Answer 6

uThe cusp tips of the permanent canines are directly over the root centers.
uMore of the crown is distal to the root center due to the prominence of the distal height of contour.

Question 7

Function

uThe canine’s role in mastication is mainly ____.

This role is intermediate between the ____ of the incisors and the____ of the posterior teeth.
uThe canines also contribute to ___, ____ ___, and ____

Answer 7

uThe canine’s role in mastication is mainly tearing. This role is intermediate between the biting of the incisors and the grinding of the posterior teeth.
uThe canines also contribute to esthetics, facial support and phonetics.

Question 8

Form
uProximal view- the crowns have the same____ or ____shape as the ____

Answer 8

uProximal view- the crowns have the same triangular or wedge shape as the incisors.

Question 9

Form

uIn a facial or lingual view, the crowns of the canines are _____ in shape.
uIn a facial view, the crowns of the permanent canines resemble those of the ______
uThe crown exhibits a ___ ____, which has ___ ___ ___

Answer 9

uIn a facial or lingual view, the crowns of the canines are pentagonal in shape.
uIn a facial view, the crowns of the permanent canines resemble those of the premolars.
uThe crown exhibits a sharp cusp, which has two biting edges.

Question 10

Form
uTheir ___ ___, ____ and ___ ____are similar to those of the incisors. Their___ and ____is a feature common to the posterior teeth.

Answer 10

uTheir biting edges, cingula and marginal ridges are similar to those of the incisors. Their cusp and facial ridge is a feature common to the posterior teeth.

Question 11

Arch Position

uThe canines are the ___ tooth from the midline in each quadrant.
uThe canines are positioned between the more or less ____ positioned___ and the _______positioned ___ and ____

Answer 11

uThe canines are the third tooth from the midline in each quadrant.
uThe canines are positioned between the more or less laterally positioned incisors and the anteroposteriorly positioned premolars and molars.

Question 12

Maxillary Canines - Development

uInitiation of calcification:
uCompletion of enamel:
uThe maxillary canines are the
uThey erupt at
uCompletion of root:

Answer 12

uInitiation of calcification: 4 to 5 months
uCompletion of enamel: 6 to 7 years
uThe maxillary canines are the last permanent anterior teeth to erupt.
uThey erupt at 11 to 12 years of age.
uCompletion of root: 13 to 15 years

Question 13

The Maxillary Canines

uThe general crown form is _____ when viewed from the labial or lingual.
uThe crown exhibits one rather ___ ____ incisally, which has ___ biting edges.
uThe crown is bulky in comparison to the incisors, especially ______, which gives it the appearance of ____

Question 14

Maxillary Canines versus Maxillary Centrals

uThe canine’s crown length
uThe canine’s crown is noticeably _____ mesiodistally.

Answer 14

uThe canine’s crown length is about the same or slightly shorter.
uThe canine’s crown is noticeably narrower mesiodistally.

Question 15

Maxillary Canines versus Maxillary Centrals

uThe canine’s crown is considerably ____ labiolingually.
uThe ___ ___ ___of the canine is much more ____. This is partially responsible for the greater ____of the canine’s____ surface.

Answer 15

uThe canine’s crown is considerably wider labiolingually.
uThe middle labial lobe of the canine is much more developed. This is partially responsible for the greater convexity of the canine’s facial surface.

Question 16

Maxillary Canines versus Maxillary Centrals
uThe canine is a much ___ tooth and the ____shows greater ____.
uThe canine’s root is ___ and the overall length (crown + root) of the canine is____

Answer 16

uThe canine is a much stronger tooth and the cingulum shows greater development.
uThe canine’s root is longer and the overall length (crown + root) of the canine is greater.

Question 17

Maxillary Canine
uThe mesial height of contour is located at
uThe distal height of contour is located in the
uNote - the mesial and distal heights of contour are at the

Answer 17

uThe mesial height of contour is located at the junction of the middle and incisal thirds.
uThe distal height of contour is located in the middle third.
uNote - the mesial and distal heights of contour are at the contact areas.

Question 18

Maxillary Canine

uPrior to attrition the mesial ridge of the cusp is____ than the distal ridge.
uFrom the contact area to the cervical line, the mesial surface is slightly ___ and has a ___ mesioincisal angle.
uFrom the contact area to the cervical line, the distal surface of the crown is ___ and has a ____ insical angle.

Answer 18

uPrior to attrition the mesial ridge of the cusp is shorter than the distal ridge.
uFrom the contact area to the cervical line, the mesial surface is slightly convex and has a roundedd mesioincisal angle.
uFrom the contact area to the cervical line, the distal surface of the crown is concave and has a rounded insical angle.

Question 19

Maxillary Canines - Labial Aspect

uMesiolabial and distolabial developmental depressions lay on ___ ___ of the ___ ___in its ___portion.

In newly erupted canines, these depressions may extend onto the__ ___ ____ thus creating a slighly ___ area when viewed from the ___
uImbrication lines are___ ____ in the___ 1/3
uMamelons are ___________.

Answer 19

uMesiolabial and distolabial developmental depressions lay on either side of the labial ridge in its incisal portion. In newly erupted canines these depressions may extend onto the 2 incisal slopes thus creating a slighly concave area when viewed from the facial.
uImbrication lines are normally present in the cervical 1/3.
uMamelons are not usually present.

Question 20

Maxillary Canines - Labial Aspect

uThe mesial ridge slopes to a ___ degree than the distal ridge. (prior to attrition)
uThe cusp tip extends past the plane of occlusion by as much as ___-___ ____

Answer 20

uThe mesial ridge slopes to a lesser degree than the distal ridge.
uThe cusp tip extends past the plane of occlusion by as much as one to two millimeters.

Question 21

Labial surface is ___in all dir but the curvature is more pronounced ____

Distal margin is ___ than the mesial margin

Answer 21

Labial surface is convex in all dir but the curvature is more pronounced mesiodistally

Distal margin is shorter than the mesial margin

Question 22

Incisal margin is divided into ___ components by the __of the cusp

____

___

Answer 22

Incisal margin is divided into 2 components by the tip of the cusp

Mesioincisal slope

Distoincisal slop

Question 23

Prior to attrition: tip of cusp is located ___ ___ ___ ____of the root.

with normal attritional wear, the cusp tip moves to the___ thus lengthening the ___ cusp ridge and shortening the___ cusp ridge.

Answer 23

Prior to attrition: tip of cusp is located in line with center of the root.

with normal attritional wear, the cusp tip moves to the distal thus lengthening the mesial cusp ridge and shortening the distal cusp ridge.

Question 24

CEJ

Answer 24

curved evenly twd root

Question 25

Labial ridge

Transcends the ___ surface in incisocervical direction and is more prominant in ____protion

represents greater development of ___ ___ ___ as compared to the ___ and ___ labial lobes.

It is responsible for the greater ____ ____of ___ _/__ of the labial surface when compared to incisors

Answer 25

Labial ridge

Transcends themiddle surface in incisocervical direction and is more prominant in incisal protion

represents greater development of middle labial lobe as compared to the mesial and distal labial lobes. It is responsible for the greater mesiodistal convexity of incisal 2/3 of the labial surface when compared to incisors

Question 26

Maxillary Canines - Lingual

• uThe cingulum is normally___ and ___
• uThe marginal ridges are____
• uThe lingual ridge is___ _____
• uThe mesiolingual and distolingual fossae are ____
• A _____ ____ and/or ___ ___ may be present.
  
  • not ___
  • when present groove is ___
  • Lingual pit may be present even when ___ ___ ___

Answer 26

Maxillary Canines - Lingual

uThe cingulum is normally bulky and smooth.
uThe marginal ridges are prominent.
uThe lingual ridge is convex incisocervically.
uThe mesiolingual and distolingual fossae are shallow.
uA linguogingival groove and/or lingual pit may be present.

not commmong
when present groove is shallow
Lingual pit may be present even when groove is absent

Question 27

Mesial distal and incisal outlines are similar to____

Cervical outline: curves ___ twd ___with ___ ___ to the ___

Mesiodistal dimenstion of lingual surface is ___than that of labial surface since mesial and distal surfaces converge slightly twd the ___

Answer 27

Mesial distal and incisal outlines are similar to labial

Cervical outline: curves assymetrically twd apex with slight offset to dista

Mesiodistal dimenstion of lingual surface is less than that of labial surface since mesial and distal surfaces converge slightly twd the lingual

Question 28

Maxillary Canine - Mesial Aspect

• uWhen viewing a maxillary canine from the mesial, a line bisecting the apex and root will pass ____ to the cusp tip.
• uLabial outline is ___ _____.
  
  • convexity is slightly ____ than for max incisors
• uDue to the convexity of the ___ and ___ ___, the lingual surface of the maxillary canine’s crown is ____.
  
  • Lingual outline is ___ in incisal 1/2 and ___in cingulum area but ___ ___than on incisor crowns because of ___ ___
• uThe maxillary canine has the___ ___in the mouth.
• uThe labial and lingual heights of contour are in the___ ___

Answer 28

Maxillary Canine - Mesial Aspect

uWhen viewing a maxillary canine from the mesial, a line bisecting the apex and root will pass lingual to the cusp tip.
uLabial outline is convex incisocervically.

convexity is slight greater than for max incisors

uDue to the convexity of the cingulum and lingual ridge, the lingual surface of the maxillary canine’s crown is biconvex.

Lingual outline is concave in incisal 1/2 and convex in cingulum area but less so than on incisor crowns because of lingual ridge

uThe maxillary canine has the longest root in the mouth.
uThe labial and lingual heights of contour are in the cervical third.

Question 29

Mesial surface is ___in all dimensions and is wider ____ than mesial surface of any of____.

___ in shape

Cervical outline: curved ___ twd ____ with greatest extent of curvature directly ___ ____ edge

Answer 29

Mesial surface is convex in all dimensions and is wider labiolingually than mesial surface of any of incisors. triangular in shape

Cervical outline: curved evenly twd incisal with greatest extent of curvature directly beneath incisal edge

Question 30

Incisal outline: incisal edge is ___ and from this aspect has an outline which slopes from ___to ___ like max incisors.

C.a is at ____________, ____ bw labial and lingual surfaces. ____shape. Longer ____ than ____

Answer 30

Incisal outline: incisal edge is thick and from this aspect has an outline which slopes from labial to lingual like max incisors.

C.a is at jcn of middle/incisal 1/3, midway bw labial and lingual surfaces. Ovoid shape. Longer incisocervically than labiolingually

Question 31

Distal Aspect

Distal aspect: The distal surface is similar to the mesial surface, with the

following exceptions:

a. The distal surface is generally___, with resultant ___ labial and lingual margins.
b. The cervical margin exhibits ____ curvature incisally than it does on the

mesial surface.

c. The lingual outline of the distal marginal ridge is likely to be ___ ____

than the outline of the mesial marginal ridge.

d. The contact area is more ___ than on the mesial, and is located at a more cervical level which is in thw ____ third. Although a different shape, it occupies about the ___ ___ ___as does the mesial contact.
e. A concavity is usually present in the ___ half of the ____ surface.
f. The height of contour is located at a more____ level, and is associated with the contact area in the middle third.

Answer 31

Distal aspect: The distal surface is similar to the mesial surface, with the

lowing exceptions:

a. The distal surface is generally smaller, with resultant shorter labial and

lingual margins.

b. The cervical margin exhibits less curvature incisally than it does on the

mesial surface.

c. The lingual outline of the distal marginal ridge is likely to be more irregular

than the outline of the mesial marginal ridge.

d. The contact area is more circular than on the mesial, and is located at a

more cervical level which is in the middle third. Although a different shape,

it occupies about the same sized area as does the mesial contact.

e. A concavity is usually present in the cervical half of the distal surface.
f. The height of contour is located at a more cervical level, and is associated

with the contact area in the middle third.

Question 32

uThe crown is the ___ _____of any of the anterior teeth.
uThis is due to the prominent ___ ____ and ____
uIn an incisal view, the crown has a ____ ____ shaped outline.

Answer 32

uThe crown is the widest labiolingually of any of the anterior teeth.
uThis is due to the prominent labial ridge and cingulum.
uIn an incisal view, the crown has a asymmetrical diamond shaped outline.

Question 33

uThe distal portion of the crown in____ than the mesial portion.

Mesial portion is ____ labiolingually and more ____

Distal portion of the crown is____ labiolingually and has a slight ___ in its ___ and ___ outline.
uThe middle labial lobe contains the __ ___.

Answer 33

uThe distal portion of the crown in thinner than the mesial portion.

Mesial portion is thicker labiolingually and more convex.

Distal portion of the crown is thinner labiolingually and has a slight concavity in its labial and lingual outline.
uThe middle labial lobe contains the cusp tip.

Question 34

From the incisal view, the canine is ___ in its labial and lingual outlines

Answer 34

From the incisalview , the canine is convex in its labial and lingual outlines

Question 35

uThe root is ___ and normally the____ root in the mouth.
uThe root is wider_____ than ___ and exhibits______ ____.
uThe facial and lingual surfaces- ____, the proximal surfaces are ___ ____.
uCervical and mid-root cross section - ____ ovoid.

Answer 35

uThe root is single and normally the longest root in the mouth.
uThe root is wider labiolingually than mesiodistally and exhibits faciolingual taper.
uThe facial and lingual surfaces- convex, the proximal surfaces are slightly flattened.
uCervical and mid-root cross section - roughly ovoid.

Question 36

From all aspects, the root tapers gradually to a ___, or ____ ___apex.

The root, like the crown, exhibits mesial and distal surfaces which ___ twd the ____. Thus, the labial root surface is ____ _____ than the lingual root surface

The mid root section is similar, except that the mesial and distal outlines are most likely to be ____

Answer 36

From all aspects, the root tapers gradually to a sharp, or slightly blunted apex.

The root, like the crown, exhibits mesial and distal surfaces which converge toward the lingual. Thus, the labial root surface is wider mesiodistally than the lingual root surface

The mid root section is similar, except that the mesial and distal outlines are most likely to be convex.

Question 37

Maxillary Canines - Variations and Anomalies

___ in ____ or _____

_____

Answer 37

uEruption in labioversion or linguoversion
uImpaction

Question 38

Crown form does not vary widely, although the ____ of the ___ ___ has considerable range.

b. On rare occasions, the____ surface may exhibit a___ which is located near the most ___ level of the ___ When a tubercle is present, a ___ ___ is often associated with it.
c. Root form is subject to variations. There may be several curvatures along its ___. If curved in the apical third, the deflection is most commonly to the ___.
d. Since the maxillary canine normally erupts ___ the ___ ___, its space is sometimes ___ ___. It may then erupt well to the ___l or____l of the other teeth, or___ ___ at ___, in which case it is considered to be___

Answer 38

Crown form does not vary widely, although the sharpness of the cusp tip has considerable range.

b. On rare occasions, the lingual surface may exhibit a tubercle which is located near the most incisal level of the cingulum. When a tubercle is present, a lingual pit is often associated with it.
c. Root form is subject to variations. There may be several curvatures along its length. If curved in the apical third, the deflection is most commonly to the distal.
d. Since the maxillary canine normally erupts after the maxillary premolars, its space is sometimes partially closed. It may then erupt well to the labial or lingual of the other teeth, or not erupt at all, in which case it is considered to be impacted

Question 39

• The general ___ and ____ are similar to those of the maxillary canines.
• The crown of the mandibular canine is as ____ or ____ _____ly when compared to the maxillary.
• The mesiodistal and labiolingual dimensions of both ___ and ___ are normally ____ in the mandibular canine.
• uThe mandibular canine’s root is usually ___but in some cases may be as ____. Total crown+ root length is ___ the____ for the 2 canines.

Answer 39

uThe general form and function are similar to those of the maxillary canines.
uThe crown of the mandibular canine is as long or longer incisocervically when compared to the maxillary.
uThe mesiodistal and labiolingual dimensions of both crown and root are normally less in the mandibular canine.
uThe mandibular canine’s root is usually shorter but in some cases may be as long. Total crown+ root length is about the same for the 2 canines.

Question 40

uLingual surface and its structures are ___ ____ developed than in the maxillary canine. Form of lingual surface is more closely allied to that of ____ ____ even with the presence of a ___ ___.
uCusp is___ ____ developed and cusp tip is ___ ____ (_____ly) than that of the maxillary canine.
uLabial surface is generally ___ ____ than that of the maxillary canine. especially true in ____ _/_ of surface. However it may be ___ ___mesiodistally in the ___ 1/3

Answer 40

uLingual surface and its structures are less well developed than in the maxillary canine. Form of lingual surface is more closely allied to that of mandibular incisors even with the presence of a lingual ridge.
uCusp is less well developed and cusp tip is less sharp (mesiodistally) than that of the maxillary canine.
uLabial surface is generally less convex than that of the maxillary canine. especially true in incisal 2/3 of surface. However it may be more convex mesiodistally in the cervical 1/3

Question 41

uInitiation of calcification:
uCompletion of enamel:
uEruption:
uCompletion of roots:

Answer 41

uInitiation of calcification: 4 to 5 months
uCompletion of enamel: 6 to 7 years
uEruption: 9 to 10 years
uCompletion of roots: 12 to 14 years

Question 42

uThe mesial height of contour is located in the ___ third.
uThe distal height of contour is located ________
uNote - the mesial and distal heights of contour are at the___ ___

Answer 42

uThe mesial height of contour is located in the incisal third.
uThe distal height of contour is located at the junction of the middle and incisal thirds.
uNote - the mesial and distal heights of contour are at the contact areas.

Question 43

uFrom the contact area to the cervical line, the mesial surface of the crown is ___ with an ____ mesioincisal angle.
uNote - the mesial surface of the crown almost____ the long axis of the tooth.
uThe mesial ridge of the cusp is ____ than the distal ridge.
uThe distal ridge is ____ than the mesial.

Answer 43

uFrom the contact area to the cervical line, the mesial surface of the crown is straight with an obtuse mesioincisal angle.
uNote - the mesial surface of the crown almost parallels the long axis of the tooth.
uThe mesial ridge of the cusp is shorter than the distal ridge.
uThe distal ridge is steeper than the mesial.

Question 44

uFrom the contact area to the cervical line, the distal surface of the crown is slightly ____ _____ly with a___distoincisal angle.
uDue to the shape of the proximal surfaces, the contact areas are more ____ than their respective counterparts on the ____ ____

Answer 44

uFrom the contact area to the cervical line, the distal surface of the crown is slightly convex incisocervically with a rounded distoincisal angle.
uDue to the shape of the proximal surfaces, the contact areas are more incisal than their respective counterparts on the maxillary canine.

Question 45

uIncisal outline - the cusp is ___ and____ pointed than the maxillary canine. The cusp tip is located ___ ____the root center. The distal ridge of cusp is normally ___ and ____ than the mesial ridge.
uThe labial ridge is
uDevelopmental depressions are
uImbrication lines are

Answer 45

uIncisal outline - the cusp is shorter and less pointed than the maxillary canine. The cusp tip is located directly over the root center. The distal ridge is normally longer and steeper than the mesial ridge.
uThe labial ridge is not as prominent.
uDevelopmental depressions are present.
uImbrication lines are normally absent.

Question 46

Shape ____

more ____ than in the___ _____

The distal margin is ___ than the mesial margin.

Since the distoincisal slope of the mandibular canine normally occludes with the ____ ____of the ____ ____, the wear pattern is reflected in a____displacement of the cusp tip of the mandibular canine, and a lengthening of its ____slope. However, prior to attrition, the cusp tip is located ___ ___ the ___ ___ as in the maxillary canine.

Cervical outline - The cervical line is____ curved toward the ___

Other considerations - The labial surface appears to be much ____ incisocervically than the maxillary canine. and in fact, it is as long, or slightly longer. However, the main reasons for this appearance are its ____ _____dimension, and the ___ ___ location of the ___ ____

Answer 46

Pentagonal

more convex than in the mandibular incisors.

The distal margin is shorter than the mesial margin.

Since the distoincisal slope of the mandibular canine normally occludeswith the mesioincisal slope of the maxillary canine, the wear pattern is reflected in a mesial displacement of the cusp tip of the mandibular canine, and a lengthening of its distoincisal slope. However, prior to attrition, the cusp tip is located directly over the root center, as in the maxillary canine.

Cervical outline - The cervical line is evenly curved toward the root.

Other considerations - The labial surface appears to be much longer incisocervically than the maxillary canine. and in fact, it is as long, or slightly longer. However, the main reasons for this appearance are its narrower mesiodistal dimension, and the more incisal location of the contact areas.

Question 47

uThe lingual surface is ____ and lacking in ___ ___.
uThe cingulum does not extend as far i____
uThe marginal ridges and lingual ridge are___ ___
uThe mesiolingual and distolingual fossae are ___ ___

Answer 47

uThe lingual surface is smoother and lacking in anatomic detail.
uThe cingulum does not extend as far incisally.
uThe marginal ridges and lingual ridge are less prominent.
uThe mesiolingual and distolingual fossae are less distinct.

Question 48

a. Mesial, distal, and incisal outlines - These margins___ those of the ___ aspect.
b. Cervical margin - The cervical line exhibits a ___ depth of curvature than on the ___, and it is ____, with the greatest curvature ___ to the ____.

There are rarely any___ , ___ or ___ on the lingual surface.

As is the case with other anterior teeth, the ____ surface is slightly narrower mesiodistally than the ____ surface.

Answer 48

a. Mesial, distal, and incisal outlines - These margins mimic those of thelabial aspect.
b. Cervical margin - The cervical line exhibits a greater depth of curvature than on the labial, and it is uneven, with the greatest curvature offset to the distal.

There are rarely any grooves, pits, or tubercles on the lingual surface.

As is the case with other anterior teeth, the lingual surface is slightly narrower mesiodistally than the labial surface.

Question 49

uThe convexity of the cingulum is ___ ___
uThe incisal ridge is___ ___ly.
uThe crown is noticeably _____ ____ly than the maxillary canine.
uThe labial and lingual heights of contour are in the ___ third.

Answer 49

uThe convexity of the cingulum is less prominent.
uThe incisal ridge is thinner labiolingually.
uThe crown is noticeably narrower labiolingually than the maxillary canine.
uThe labial and lingual heights of contour are in the cervical third.

Question 50

uWhen viewing a mandibular canine from the proximal aspect, a line bisecting the apex and root will pass ____ to the cusp tip.

Answer 50

uWhen viewing a mandibular canine from the proximal aspect, a line bisecting the apex and root will pass labial to the cusp tip.

Question 51

Mesial aspect:

a. Labial margin - The entire labial outline is _____, with the greatest rounding at the height of contour in the cervical third.
b. Lingual margin - The llngual outline is similar to that of the maxillary canine, except the cingulum convexity is less prominent and located farther cervically.
d. Cervical margin - The CEJ is quite____ curved ____
e. Other considerations - The mesial surface is roughly ____ in shape

The contact area is located in the incisal third, about ____ between the labial and lingual surfaces. It is ___, and wider ____than ____.

Answer 51

Mesial aspect:

a. Labial margin - The entire labial outline is convex, with the greatest rounding at the height of contour in the cervical third.
b. Lingual margin - The llngual outline is similar to that of the maxillary canine, except the cingulum convexity is less prominent and located farther cervically.
d. Cervical margin - The CEJ is quite evenly curved incisally.
e. Other considerations - The mesial surface is roughly triangular in shape

The contact area is located in the incisal third, about midway between the labial and lingual surfaces. It is ovoid, and wider incisogingivally than labiolingually.

Question 52

Distal aspect:

a. The distal is similar to the mesial surface in all respects, except that it is slightly___ in all dimensions.
b. The contact area, and thus the height of contour, are found at a more cervlcal level at the junction of the incisal and middle thirds. It also has a different outline which approaches a ____ shape.
c. There is no incisocervical ____ on the dlstal surface, as there is onthe mesial surface.

Answer 52

Distal aspect:

a. The distal is similar to the mesial surface in all respects, except that it is slightly smaller in all dimensions.
b. The contact area, and thus the height of contour, are found at a more cervlcal level at the junction of the incisal and middle thirds. It also has a different outline which approaches a circular shape.
c. There is no incisocervical flattening on the dlstal surface, as there is onthe mesial surface.

Question 53

uThe mandibular canine is similar in this view to the _____ ____.
uThe crown is ___ _____ly towards the ____
uThe cingulum is offset to the ____

The labial outline is more ___ _____ly than In the ____ ____

Answer 53

uThe mandibular canine is similar in this view to the maxillary canine.
uThe crown is thicker labiolingually towards the mesial.
uThe cingulum is offset to the distal.

The labial outline is more convex mesiodistally than In the mand~bular incisors.

Question 54

Mandibular Canines - Root Structure

uRoot is normally ___ and fairly____. It is the longest root in the ___ ___.
uThe root is narrower ____ly than ly and exhibits ____ ___.

The lingual portion is ____ ____ly than is the labial

uRoot concavities ___ ___ ____ and may extend the ___ ___ __.
uCervical cross section and mid-root cross section - roughly ____

Answer 54

Mandibular Canines - Root Structure

uRoot is normally single and fairly straight. It is the longest root in the mandibular arch.
uThe root is narrower mesiodistally than labiolingually and exhibits faciolingual taper.

The lingual portion is narrower mesiodistally than is the labial
uRoot concavities may be present and may extend the full root length.
uCervical cross section and mid-root cross section - roughly ovoid.

Question 55

Both labial and lingual surfaces are ___, while the mesial and distal surfaces are ___ or ___.

The mid root section is similar, but the mesial and distal surfaces are more likely to be___ rather than __

Answer 55

Both labial and lingual surfaces are convex, while the mesial and distal surfaces are flattened or concave.

The mid root section is similar, but the mesial and distal surfaces are more likely to be flattened rather than concave

Question 56

Mandibular Canines - Variations and Anomalies

Crown form is ___ greatly variable.
_____ ___ roots are occasionally seen.
The mandibular canine is the ____ tooth most likely to have a___ root (______).
u

Answer 56

uCrown form is not greatly variable.
uIrregularly curved roots are occasionally seen.
uThe mandibular canine is the anterior tooth most likely to have a bifurcated root (one labial, one lingual).
u