Monograph Exam 3

Question 1

Marginal Ridges • These ridges are ___ and ___, not sharp and narrow.

• Marginal ridges are approximately ___ wide for premolars and ___ wide for molars.
• Buccolingually, their curvature is ____ toward the occlusal with the exception of the ____marginal ridge of the ___ ___ ___, which is ___ occlusally.

Answer 1

Marginal Ridges • These ridges are rounded and wide, not sharp and narrow. • Marginal ridges are approximately 1 mmwide for premolars and 1.5 mm wide for molars. • Buccolingually, their curvature is concave toward the occlusal with the exception of the mesial marginal ridge of the mandibular first premolar, which is convex occlusally.

Question 2

The shaping of marginal ridges is critical because of their function in the masticatory system. These ridges function in____, l.e., a mesial marginal ridge adjacent to a distal marginal ridge.

They function as follows:

1) Occlusal____, where an opposing ___ contacts ___ ___ ___ in centric occlusion.
2) The occlusal ____ results from the curvature of the marginal ridges to the proximal ridges. This embrasure contributes to the reduction of ___ ___ and ___ ___by providing a _____ for food during mastication. It also serves as a pathway for ___ ____ to move along. The closing of this embrasure results in __ ___ and/or a reduction masticatory ____

Answer 2

The shaping of marginal ridges is critical because of their function in the masticatory system. These ridges function in pairs, l.e., a mesial marginal ridge adjacent to a distal marginal ridge. They function as follows: 1) Occlusal stability, where an opposing cusp contacts adjacent marginal ridges in centric occlusion. 2) The occlusal embrasure results from the curvature of the marginal ridges to the proximal ridges. This embrasure contributes to the reduction of food impaction and chewing pressure by providing a flowpath for food during mastication. It also serves as a pathway for opposing cusps to move along. The closing of this embrasure results in food impaction and/or a reduction masticatory efficiency.

Question 3

Deyelopmental Grooves

The buccal and lingual developmental grooves of the molar teeth are important in fulfilling two basic functions:

1. Provide an ___ ___ __ ___during chewing. This reduces the masticatory ___.
2. May provide a pathway for ___ ___during mandibular movements.

Answer 3

Deyelopmental Grooves The buccal and lingual developmental grooves of the molar teeth are important in fulfilling two basic functions: 1. Provide an escape route for food during chewing. This reduces the masticatory forces. 2. May provide a pathway for cusp travel during mandibular movements.

Question 4

Secondary Grooves

In addition to the major developmental grooves, there are secondary grooves in ___teeth, which serve to break the ___ ____of the inclined planes and to provide ancillary ___ __ ___.

The secondary grooves may become __ due to ____of the inclined planes.

Answer 4

Secondary Grooves In addition to the major developmental grooves, there are secondary grooves in unworn teeth, which serve to break the surface continuity of the inclined planes and to provide ancillary flowpaths for food. The secondary grooves may become lost due to attrition of the inclined planes.

Question 5

Deflecting Contours

• Deflection is the ____ of food away from the ___ ___ and the ___ ___.
• Some food contact with the tissue is ____e in order to provide functional ____.
• The contours participating in deflection are:

1) ___ and ___ ___ __ ___
2) ___ and ____ridges
3) ___ ____ ___

Answer 5

Deflecting Contours • Deflection is the shunting of food away from the free gingiva and the interdental papilla. • Some food contact with the tissue is desirable in order to provide functional stimulation. • The contours participating in deflection are: 1) Facial and lingual heights of contour 2) Proximal and marginal ridges 3) Axioproximal line angles

Question 6

• The deflecting contours are the mesial and distal proximal ridges and the facial and lingual heights of contour.
• These contours are _____on anterior teeth and premolars.
• In the case of the molars, they appear as ___ ____ridges.
• These contours must be of adequate ___ and properly ____ in relation to the gingiva.

Answer 6

• The deflecting contours are the mesial and distal proximal ridges and the facial and lingual heights of contour. • These contours are rounded on anterior teeth and premolars. • In the case of the molars, they appear as horizontal, rounded ridges. • These contours must be of adequate size and properly located in relation to the gingiva.

Question 7

The crests of contour are located as follows:

1) Proximal ridges occupy the ____one half of the ___ and ___ surfaces of the crown.
2) The facial heights of contour of all teeth are in the____one third of the crown.
3) The lingual heights of contour are located as follows:

• All anterior teeth have this contour in the ___ third -usually involving the cingulum.
• The maxillary posterior teeth have this contour predominantly in the ____ third of the crown.
• With the exception of the mandibular ___ ____, the mandibular posterior teeth have this contour in the ____ third of the crown. The height of contour of the mandibular second premolar is in the ____ third of the crown.

Answer 7

The crests of contour are located as follows: 1) Proximal ridges occupy the occlusal one half of the mesial and distal surfaces of the crown. 2) The facial heights of contour of all teeth are in the cervical one third of the crown. 3) The lingual heights of contour are located as follows: • All anterior teeth have this contour in the cervical third -usually involving the cingulum. • The maxillary posterior teeth have this contour predominantly in the middle third of the crown. • With the exception of the mandibular second premolar, the mandibular posterior teeth have this contour in the middle third of the crown. The height of contour of the mandibular second premolar is in the occlusal third of the crown.

Question 8

These contours function to prevent the soft gingival tissues from being____ by food during mastication.

Answer 8

These contours function to prevent the soft gingival tissues from being traumatized by food during mastication.

Question 9

Reduced Loading

Reduce loading occurs with an ____ in food flow ____ from the chewing surfaces.

The components responsible are:

1) The ___ ___ and ___ ____
2) ___ and ___ ___
3) The ___ ___ ____

Answer 9

Reduced Loading Reduce loading occurs with an increase in food flow away from the chewing surfaces. The components responsible are: 1) The buccal, occlusal, and lingual embrasures 2) Developmental and secondary grooves 3) The non-centric cusps