Perkin Warbeck Rising Flashcards
When did the Perkin Warbeck Rising occur?
1491-1499
Who was Warbeck?
Brought up in the Netherlands, well educated, travelled to Ireland where he made his claim to the English throne
Who did Warbeck claim to be?
Richard, Duke of York - the younger of the two princes in the tower who had disappeared in 1483
Why was it clever for Warbeck to claim to be one of the princes in the tower?
He was about the same age as they would have been - 17 yrs and Henry was unable to disprove his claims
Who did PW’s foreign supporters include?
Charles VIII - king of France, Yorkist Margaret of Burgandy, Phillip of Burgandy, Maximillian - Holy Roman Emperor and Jamies IV - scottish king
Who was reluctant to support PW?
Irish nobles were less keen than they had been in 1487
Where did PW first land in 1491?
Cork, Ireland
How did the people of Cork react to PW?
Commoners were enthusiastic but the Earl of Kildare was reluctant to get involved
What did PW do after support failed to materialise in Ireland?
He wrote to foreingers for support and Charles VIII of France invited PW to France in 1492 - treated him as a prince
Why did PW have to move to Burgandy from France?
Henry had taken prompt action
What happened when PW moved to Burgandy?
He recieved acceptance from Margaret and was recognised as Richard, Duke of York despite the last time he saw her being when he was 7
Why did Margaret support PW?
She was determined to remove Henry VII as king and to restore the Yorkist line - PW was the a good figurehead
At what period was Henry particularly concerned?
1494-1495 due to signs of support in England
What threat did Sir William Stanley pose?
He had been responsible for helping Henry in BoB, had position of Chamberlain of the King’s Household, implicated in a plot against Henry
What plot was Sir William Stanley implicated in?
He agreed with Sir Robert Clifford to go abroad to speak to PW, Clifford informed Henry that Stanley was communicating with PW - Stanley executed for treason
How did PW try and rally support from Burgandy?
Agents from Burgandy began to infiltrate England to recruit supporters for PW in 1493-1494 - usually put on trial
What did PW attempt to do in July in 1495?
Landed in Kent with a force of 300 soldiers, failed to get local support so fled
What did PW do after failing in Kent?
He moved to Scotland - threatening as possibility to launch invasion from Scotland
What did PW do after arriving in Scotland in 1496?
He tried to invade England with a force of 1400 men but struggled to raise support in the North and retreated back to Scotland
What provoked an additional rebellion in Cornwall in 1497?
Henry demanded taxation to fund an army to fight PW, 15,000 rebels protested against taxation due to being so far from the rebellion, marched on London
How did Henry respond to the rebellion in Cornwall?
He diverted troops intended for the North - met rebels in Kent, victory over poorly equipped rebels, 1000 rebels killed
Why was the rebellion in Cornwall a weakness for Henry’s position?
Lack of troops which encouraged PW to try and raise support there but Scotland stopped giving support for PW which was good
What did PW do in 1497?
Tried to gain support in Cornwall, only had 300 men and only attracted 3000-8000, not able to attract gentry and noble support, Earl of Devon defended Exeter
How was PW captured?
When he tred to escape from Cornwall to Taunton he was trapped by royal forces
How was Henry planning to treat PW once he was captured?
He was prepared to treat PW well until PW tried to escape and was imprisoned in the tower where he plotted with Warwick - both executed for treason
What about Henry’s time on the throne made the rebellion less threatening?
1491 - Henry had been on the throne for 6 years and had already survived one major challenge
Why had the Yorkist threat faded by now?
Former supporters of Richard and Edward had either died or accepted Henry
How did JDLP make it less threatening?
He was Henry’s main rival and was dead meaning the Yorkist faction lacked a leader
How did Henry himself make the rebellion less threatening?
He had given birth to a son meaning he had secured the succession - used it to create foreign alliances - Treaty of Medina del Campo - acknowledged Henry as king
What made PW a weak opposition?
He struggled to sustain foreign or domestic support and had less resources than Henry
How was Henry kept informed of PW’s movements?
Through a network of spies and effective chains of command
What enabled the capture and defeat of PW?
His rewards and punishments - loyals had been well supported e.g Edward Courtenay - defended Exeter aganst the Cornish rebellion
How had Henry learnt from the disloyalty of JDLP in the LS rising?
He arrested Stanley as soon as he heard that he was implicated in a court plot
How did Henry’s use of financial control benefit him?
His bonds and recognisances left nobles in fear, 36/62 nobles under financial control, kept nobles like like Thomas Grey loyal
What made the rebellion threatening?
Had support from foreign powers which forced Henry into negotiations in order to get PW to move on
At what point was Henry particularly vulnerable?
When his spy network let him down and he was not expecting a revolt of that size or nature and was distracted by a possible invasion from Scotland
How did PW reduce his threat in terms of the Cornish rebellion?
He only arrived in Cornwall in September but by this time the revolt had been put down, should have arrived in May/June
Why was PW less threatening than LS?
PW never forced Henry to a ptiched battle and he had been on the throne for 4 more years than he had at the time of LS
