Peritoneum, peritoneal cavity, and mesenteries

Question 1

What are the organs of the forgegut?

Answer 1

stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, up tot he 1st half of the duodenum

Question 2

What are the organs of the midgut

Answer 2

2nd half of duodenyum to the 2/3 of transverse colon

Question 3

Organs of the hindgut

Answer 3

distal 1/3 of transverse colon to the rectum

Question 4

What are the blood main supplies to the foregut, mid, and hindgut?

Answer 4

Celiac trunk, SMA, and IMA

Question 5

What makes up the ventral mesentery for the foregut?

Answer 5

Lesser omentum, falciform L., coronary triangular L.’s

Question 6

What makes up the dorsal mesenter for the foregut?

Answer 6

Gastroplenic, splenorenal, and gastrocolic L.’s, greater omentum

Question 7

dorsal mesentery for the midgut

Answer 7

mesointestine, mesoappendix, transverse mesocolon

Question 8

dorsal mesentery for the hindgut

Answer 8

sigmoid mesocolon

Question 9

What are the motor nerve supplies for each section of the GI tract (fore, mid, and hindgut)

Answer 9

Vagus, Vagus, Pelvic splanchnic N.

Question 10

Which layer of peritoneum has pain fibers?

Answer 10

the parietal layer

Question 11

What supplies blood to visceral peritoneum?

Answer 11

the same thing as whatever organ it is covering

Question 12

What does intraperitoneal even mean?

Answer 12

it’s covered on most sides by VISCERAL peritoneum

-suspended by mesentery from the body wall

Question 13

What does retroperitoneal mean?

Answer 13

it’s covered by parietal peritoneum on one side only

Question 14

What are some primary retroperitoneal organs?

Answer 14

kidneys, ureters, adrenals, gonads, aorta, and IVC

Question 15

secondary retroperitoneal organs

Answer 15

duodenum, pancreas, ascending and descending colon

Question 16

What is the significance of THE mesentery?

Answer 16

it attaches the free small intestine to the posterior body wall

Question 17

What does the omentum do in general?

Answer 17

attaches stomach to other things

Question 18

which omentum contains the portal triad?

Answer 18

the lesser omentum

Question 19

where does the lesser omentum develop from?

Answer 19

ventral mesogastrium

Question 20

what are the 2 parts of the lesser omentum?

Answer 20

hepatogastric L. and hepatoduodenal L.

-remember that THERE ARE NERVES HERE!

Question 21

Where does the greater omentum develop from?

Answer 21

dorsal mesogastrium

Question 22

What are the 3 parts of the greater omentum?

Answer 22

gastrocolic, gastrophrenic, and gastrosplenic L.

Question 23

What are the peritoneal ligaments

Answer 23

• associated with the liver

- coronary R. and Left triangular L.’s, Falciform ligament (with ligamentum teres hepatis on the end of it)

Question 24

What are the superior and inferior duodenal folds formed by?

Answer 24

the inferior mesenteric vein posterior to peritoneum

Question 25

What makes the median umbilical fold?

Answer 25

urachus, it's midline

Question 26

What makes the medial umbilical fold?

Answer 26

medial umbilical ligaments | -obliterated umbilical a.

Question 27

What makes the lateral umbilical fold?

Answer 27

inferior epigastric vessels (A. and V.) | -remember that this is what we use to determine whether and inguinal hernia is direct or indirect!

Question 28

What is the falciform ligament?

Answer 28

a curved remnant of the ventral mesogastrium | -the ligamentum teres hepatis (round ligament of the liver) is in its lower free border

Question 29

Where do we find the supravesical fossa?

Answer 29

between the median and medial umbilical folds | -site for rare supravesical hernias

Question 30

Where is the medial inguinal fossa?

Answer 30

between the medial and lateral umbilical folds - site for direct inguinal hernias - inguinal triangle

Question 31

Where is the lateral inguinal fossa?

Answer 31

lateral to the LATERAL umbilical folds | -site for indirect inguinal hernias

Question 32

What is the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 32

a closed potential space b/w parietal and visceral layers of peritoneum *clinically important because abscesses amy develop and excess fluid (ascites) will pool here

Question 33

What is the greater sac of the peritoneal cavity divided into and what divides it

Answer 33

supracolic and infracolic regions | -colon and transverse mesocolon does the dividing

Question 34

What are the 2 spaces in the inframesocolic region and what divides it?

Answer 34

divided my THE mesentery into right and elft infracolic spaces

Question 35

where will intraperitoneal infection want to spread?

Answer 35

the inframesocolic region

Question 36

within the inframesocolic region, what stops fluid from spreading superiorly?

Answer 36

the phrenicocolic ligament

Question 37

through what structure do the great and lesser sacs communicate?

Answer 37

the epiploic foramen (of winslow)

Question 38

what is anterior to the foramen of winslow?

Answer 38

the hepatoduodenal L.

Question 39

What important thing dot he hepatoduodenal L. contain?

Answer 39

the portal triad

Question 40

What is posterior to the foramen of winslow?

Answer 40

IVC and the diaphragm

Question 41

What is superior to the foramen of winslow?

Answer 41

liver, the (caudate lobe)

Question 42

What is inferior to the foramen of winslow?

Answer 42

the duodenum (1st part)