Embryology Flashcards
Which TF specifies the esophagus?
SOX2
Which TF specifies the duodenum and pancreas?
PDX1
Which TF specifies small intestine?
CDXC
Which TF specifies large intestine?
CDXA
Where does the greater splanchnic nerve come from?
T5-9
Where does the lesser splanchnic nerve come from?
T9-12
Where does the least splanchnic nerve come from?
T12-L2
What happens when the vitelline duct stays open?
Meckel’s diverticulum
What does atresia mean?
when it’s completely blocked off
when the stomach rotates what do the left and right vagus nerves become?
anterior and posterior vagal trunks
What insctructs the gut endoderm to express liver specific genes?
FGF2 in the cardiac mesoderm and BMPs secreted by the septum transversum
What are the sinusoids of the liver made out of?
vitelline vessels
What was the ligamentum teres hepatis?
the left umbilical vein
Menkes disease
cells cant absorb copper—> kinky hair
Wilson’s disease
copper is not eliminated properly and instead accumulates (fleischer ring in the eyeball)
What TF is involved with cells secreting insulin, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide?
PAX4
Which TF is involved with cells secreting glucagon?
PAX6
What does volvulus mean?
abnormal twisting of the intestine causing obstruction
What does intussusception mean?
The enfolding of one segment of the intestine within another
What is Gastroschisis?
failure of anterior abdominal wall musculature to close during folding
*in this one, the gut contents are not surrounded by membrane
What is an omphalocele?
where the midgut loop fails to return to abdominal cavity
Prune belly syndrome?
where the anterior abdominal wall musculature is deficient or absent
Hirschsprung’s disease
motor disorder of the colon that causes a functional intestinal obstruction
-both plexuses are affected… no parasympathetic innervation means no peristalsis
