Peritoneum Flashcards
describe the divisions of the gastrointestinal tract
- Foregut: lower oesophagus to half way down duodenum
- Midgut: half way down duodenum to 2/3 way across transverse colon
- Hindgut: 2/3 way across transverse colon to rectum
why does the gastrointestinal tract divide into these regions
- relates to the embryological origins
what are the two layers of peritoneum in the abdominal cavity
- visceral and parietal
what does the visceral perineum do
surrounding organs
what does the parietal peritoneum do
lines the abdominal walls
what are intraperitoneal organs
organs that are completely surrounded by the visceral peritoneal layer
what are the retroperitoneal structures
Those organs that sit on the posterior abdominal wall and are not COMPLETELY surrounded by peritoneum are retroperitoneal structures
what are the intraperitoneal structures
Stomach Jejunum Ileum Transverse colon Sigmoid colon
what are the retroperitoneal structures
Duodenum
Ascending and descending colon
what is the peritoneal cavity
The peritoneal cavity is a potential space in the abdominal cavity between the visceral and parietal layers of peritoneum
what can the peritoneal cavity be divided into
the lesser sac (or omental bursa) – a small region which lies posterior to the stomach.
the greater sac comprising the rest of the cavity.
what are the parts of the peritoneum
- mesentery
- momentum
what is mesentery
a double layer of peritoneum that attaches an organ to the posterior abdominal wall of the abdomen and allows passage of nerves and blood vessels to and from the organ. The mesentery of the colon is called the mesocolon.
what is the omentum
peritoneum which passes from the stomach to an adjacent organ. The lesser omentum connects the lesser curve of the stomach to the liver above, and is two layers thick. The greater omentum connects the greater curve of the stomach to the transverse colon below and is in fact two double layers of peritoneum
