Peritoneum-1/5/16

Question 1

This umbilical fold covers the inferior epigastric vessels

Answer 1

Lateral umbilical fold

Question 2

This umbilical fold is the obliterated urachus

Answer 2

Median umbilical fold

Question 3

This fossa is between median and medial umbilical folds

Answer 3

Supravessical Fossa –> site for supravesical hernias (rare)

Question 4

This fossa is between median and lateral umbilical folds and is the site for DIRECT inguinal hernias

Answer 4

Medial inguinal fossa

Question 5

This fossa is lateral to lateral umbilical folds and is the site for indirect inguinal hernias

Answer 5

Lateral inguinal fossa

Question 6

The falciform ligament encloses this ligament which is a remnant of the umbilical vein

Answer 6

Round ligament (ligamentum teres hepatis)

Question 7

List the Foregut:
A) organs
B) arteries
C) Ventral mesentery
D) Dorsal mesentery
E) motor nerve supply

Answer 7

A) stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, 1st 1/2 duodenum
B) Celiac trunk–> splenic, left gastric, common hepatic
C) Lesser omentum, falciform lig., coronary/triangular lig.
D) Gastrosplenic lig, splenorenal lig., gastrocolic lig, greater omentum
E) Vagus

Question 8

List the Midgut:
A) organs
B) arteries
C) ventral mesentery
D) dorsal mesentery
E) motor nerve supply

Answer 8

A) 2nd 1/2 duodenum, jejunum and ileum, cecum, ascending colon, 2/3 transverse colon
B) Superior mesenteric a. –> ileocolic a., right colic a., middle colic a.
C) none
D) mesointestine, mesoappendix, transverse mesocolon
E) Vagus

Question 9

List the HINDGUT:
A) organs
B) arteries
C) ventral mesentery
D) dorsal mesentery
E) motor nerve supply

Answer 9

A) Left 1/3 of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum
B) Inferior mesenteric a.–> left colic a., sigmoid branches, superior rectal a.
C) none
D) sigmoid mesocolon
E) pelvic splanchnic nerves

Question 10

List intraperitoneal organs (organs that have a mesentery and are completely covered by the peritoneum)

Answer 10

Within abdominal peritoneal cavity: Stomach, Small intestine (jejunum, ileum, some of superior part of duodenum), spleen, liver, gallbladder, cecum with vermiform appendix, transverse and sigmoid colon

Within pelvic peritoneal cavity: uterus, ovaries, uterine tubes

Question 11

List Extraperitoneal organs (organs that either have no mesentery or lost during its development)

Answer 11

Primarily retroperitoneal: kidneys, suprarenal glands, uterine cervix, ureters, aorta and IVC

Secondarily retroperitoneal: duodenum (descending, horizontal, and ascending), pancreas, ascending and descending colon, rectum (upper 2/3)

Question 12

This 2-layered fold of peritoneum attaches the “Free” small intestine to the posterior body wall (Jejunum and ileum)

Answer 12

THE MESENTERY

Question 13

The dorsal aorta and its 3 branches run through the ____ mesentery

The ____ only extends from the respiratory diaphragm to the duodenum

Answer 13

Dorsal

Ventral

Question 14

The mesentery of the transverse colon fuses with the posterior layer of the greater omentum via ____

Answer 14

Transverse mesocolon

Question 15

The ____ holds the sigmoid colon to the posterior body wall

Answer 15

Sigmoid mesocolon

Question 16

_____ is a broad, 2-layered sheet of peritoneum that attaches stomach to other viscera

Answer 16

Omentum (epiploon)

Question 17

The lesser omentum develops from ventral mesogastrium (part of ventral mesentery connecting stomach and duodenum to liver) and is subdivided into these 2 parts:

Answer 17

Hepatogastric ligament (stomach to liver)
Hepatoduodenal ligament (liver to duodenum)

Question 18

The portal triad is contained by this ligament:

Answer 18

Hepatoduodenal ligament (part of lesser omentum)

Question 19

The greater omentum develops from dorsal mesogastrium and consists of:

Answer 19

Gastrocolic ligament (stomach to transverse colon)
Gastrophrenic ligament (stomach to diaphragm) which is continuous with phrenicosplenic ligament
Gastrosplenic ligament (stomach to spleen)

Question 20

The Greater Sac of the peritoneal cavity is most of the “potential” space within the abdomen, extends across the whole width of the abdomen from diaphragm to pelvic floor, and can be subdivided into:

Answer 20

A) Supramesocolic (supracolic) region –> superior and anterior to the liver and stomach; includes hepatorenal and subphrenic spaces and fossae of the anterior wall

B) Inframesocolic (infracolic) region –> inferior and posterior part of the greater sac; subdivided by mesenteries and “ligaments”; develops as a diverticulum of the greater sac, with which is communicates through epiloic or omental foramen (of winslow)

Question 21

This recess of the lesser sac is posterior to the liver (extends upwards, toward the liver)

Answer 21

Superior recess

Question 22

This recess of the lesser sac is a potential space between 2 layers of gastrocolic ligament (where 2 layers of gastrocolic ligament of the greater omentum adhere to one another)

Answer 22

Inferior recess

Question 23

This recess of the lesser sac is posterior to and left of the stomach

Answer 23

Splenic recess

Question 24

The ____ is the opening between the greater and lesser sacs

Answer 24

Epiploic foramen (Foramen of Winslow)

Question 25

List the relationships of the epiploic foramen (of winslow)
A) anterior
B) posterior
C) superior
D) inferior

Answer 25

A) anterior-hepatoduodenal ligament with the portal v., hepatic a., and bile duct
B) posterior-IVC, diaphragm
C) superior-liver (caudate lobe)
D) inferior-1st part of duodenum

Question 26

This umbilical fold is formed from the obliterated umbilical a.

Answer 26

Medial umbilical fold