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GI - MSI Spring > Peritoneal Cavity and Mesenteries > Flashcards

Peritoneal Cavity and Mesenteries Flashcards

1
Q

What organs come from the midgut?

A

Lower duodenum, jejunum, Ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, proximal 2/3 of transverse colon

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2
Q

What organs come from the hind gut?

A

Distal third of the transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum and upper anal canal

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3
Q

What arteries supply the foregut?

A

Celiac trunk: splenic artery, left gastric, common hepatic

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4
Q

What arteries supply the midgut?

A

Superior mesenteric a: ileocolic, right colic, middle colic

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5
Q

What arteries supply the hindgut?

A

Inferior mesenteric: left colic, sigmoid branches, superior rectal

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6
Q

What organ gets the same blood supply as the foregut but does not develop from it?

A

Spleen

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7
Q

Which layer of the peritoneum has abundant somatic pain fibers via nerves from body wall?

A

Parietal layer

Visceral layer (serosa) lacks pain fibers

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8
Q

What is rigid abdomen?

A

A stiffness of the stomach that occurs when it is touched, involuntary response to prevent pain caused by pressure on your abdomen (protective guarding)

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9
Q

Visceral peritoneum is insensitive to what ?

A

Touch, heat, cold, laceration

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10
Q

Visceral peritoneum is sensitive to what?

A

Stretching and chemical irritation

Crampy, colicky referred pain

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11
Q

What are the primarily Retroperitoneal organs?

A

Kidneys, ureters, adrenals, gonads, aorta and inferior vena cava (not part of the gut tube)

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12
Q

What organs are secondarily Retroperitoneal?

A

Duodenum (partial), pancreas, ascending and descending colon

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13
Q

Describe the ventral mesentery

A

Attached to the stomach = mesogastrium
Only extends from the respiratory diaphragm to the duodenum
(Foregut only)

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14
Q

What does the dorsal aorta and its 3 branches run through?

A

Dorsal mesentery

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15
Q

What are the 4 subdivisions of mesentery ?

A

THE mesentery
Transverse mesocolon
Sigmoid mesocolon
Mesoappendix

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16
Q

Name the peritoneal ligaments

A

Greater omentum: Gastrosplenic ligament, Gastrocolic ligament, Gastrophrenic ligament
Splenorenal ligament
Lesser omentum: Hepatogastric ligament, Hepatoduodenal ligament
Liver: coronary ligaments, right and left triangular ligament, falciform ligament (lig. Teres)

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17
Q

What does the lesser omentum develop from?

A

Ventral mesogastrium

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18
Q

What ligament contains the portal triad?

A

Hepatoduodenal ligament (part of lesser omentum)

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19
Q

What makes up the portal triad?

A

Common bile duct, proper hepatic a. And hepatic portal vein

20
Q

What does the greater omentum develop from?

A

Dorsal mesogastrium

21
Q

What ligament is not derived from ventral mesentery but is remnant of umbilical vein?

A

Teres ligament

22
Q

What are minor folds?

A

A ridge or elevation in the peritoneum produced by underlying vessels

23
Q

What are minor fossae?

A

Recesses

Depressions between folds

24
Q

What are the folds and fossae around the duodenum?

A

Superior duodenal fold and fossa
Inferior duodenal fold and fossa
Paraduodenal fossa
Retro duodenal fossa

25
Q

What forms the folds around the duodenum?

A

Inferior mesenteric vein posterior to peritoneum

26
Q

What forms the median umbilical fold?

A

Fibrous remnant of the urachus that is obliterated. Connected fetal bladder to umbilicus

27
Q

What forms the medial umbilical folds?

A

Obliterated umbilical arteries (medial umbilical ligaments)

28
Q

What forms lateral umbilical folds?

A

Inferior epigastric vessels

29
Q

What is the falciform ligament?

A

Curved remnant of the ventral mesogastrium with the ligaments teres hepatic in its lower free border

30
Q

Describe the supravesical fossa?

A

Between the median and medial umbilical folds

Site for supravesical hernias which are rare

31
Q

Describe the medial inguinal fossa

A

Between the medial and lateral umbilical folds
Site for direct inguinal hernias
Also called inguinal triangle

32
Q

Describe the lateral inguinal fossa

A

Lateral to the lateral umbilical folds

Site for indirect inguinal hernias

33
Q

What can the greater sac be subdivided into?

A

Supracolic and infracolic regions by the colon and transverse mesocolon

34
Q

Describe the supramesocolic (supracolic) region

A 
Superior and anterior to the liver and stomach
Includes hepatorenal (subhepatic) and subphrenic spaces and fossae of the anterior wall
35
Q

What is the peritoneal cavity?

A

potential space between parietal and visceral layers of peritoneum that has recesses and fossae that abscesses may develop and excess fluid pool
(Subphrenic, subhepatic, rectovesical recesses)
‘closed’ in male; ‘open’ in female, from outside the body to the female peritoneal cavity

36
Q

Describe the parts of the inframesocolic (infracolic) region? Which parts communicate with the pelvic cavithy?

A

Right and left paracolic gutters are lateral to ascending and descending colon
Upper and lower parts divided by THE mesentery into right and left infracolic spaces
(Intraperitoneal infections can spread)

Left infracolic communicates with pelvic cavity

37
Q

What limits the spread of fluid superiorly from the inframesocolic region?

A

Phrenicocolic ligament

38
Q

Where is the superior recess of the lesser sac?

A

Posterior to the liver

39
Q

Where is the inferior recess of the lesser sac?

A

Potential space btwn the 2 layers of the Gastrocolic ligament

40
Q

Where is the splenic recess of the lesser sac?

A

Posterior to and left of the stomach

41
Q

What is the opening between the greater and lesser sacs?

A

Epiploic foramen

42
Q

What is anterior to the epiploic foramen to of Winslow?

A

Hepatoduodenal ligament with the portal vein, hepatic a, and bile duct

43
Q

What is posterior to the epiploic foramen?

A

IVC, diaphragm

44
Q

What is superior to the epiploic foramen?

A

Liver, caudate lobe

45
Q

What is inferior to the epiploic foramen?

A

1st part of Duodenum

46
Q

What organs come from the foregut?

A

Esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, upper duodenum

GI - MSI Spring (11 decks)

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