Blood and Nerve Supply to Abdominal Organs Flashcards
When does the abdominal aorta begin? When does it terminate?
T12
L4
Does the IVC lie to the right or left of the aorta?
What vein of the IVC crosses over aorta
Right
Left renal vein crosses anterior to the aorta
What does the thoracic duct drain into?
left subclavian vein
Note: thoracic duct and cisterna chyli is to the right of aorta
Where do abdominal aortic aneurysms usually arise? What is the primary cause?
Usually arises below the renal arteries and above the aortic bifurcation
Primarily due to atherosclerosis
(major complication is when >5cm)
If the abdominal aorta is blocked between celiac trunk and SMA, what arteries will compensate?
Superior pancreaticoduodenal a inverior pancreaticoduodenal (SMA)
What artery is within splenorenal ligament?
Splenic a.
What does the portal vein drain?
Lower 1/3 of esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and upper 1/2 of anal canal
What forms the portal vein?
Union of splenic and superior mesenteric veins
What is the liver drained by?
hepatic veins
What must be ligated before removing the gallbladder?
Cystic a.
What is calot’s node?
main rout of lymphatic drainage of gallbladder
What is the route oft he superior mesenteric artery?
emerges from the aorta posterior to the neck of the pancreas, to the left of the SMV, enters THE mesentery and runs between its layers to reach the ileum and jejunum
What does the right colic a supply?
ascending colon to right colic flexure
What does the middle colic a supply?
right colic flexure and transverse colon
What is the continuous anastomoses of the colon called?
marginal artery
Where do the superior rectal vv drain to?
inferior mesenteric vein
Where do the middle rectal vv drain to?
internal iliac veins
Where do the inferior rectal vv drain to?
internal pudendal vv
Describe sympathetic innervation in the abdomen
Preganglionic C fibers arise at T5-L1
travel in splanchnic nerves
synapse in prevertebral sympathetic ganglia
Postganglionic fibers travel to organs
Describe the parasympathetic innervation in the abdomen
preganglionic fibers travel through celiac plexus but dont synapse
Synapse in enteric nervous system in gut wall
Vagus and pelvic nerves
What does the vagus n innervate?
the foregut and midgut (stomach to prox 2/3 of transverse colon)
What do the pelvic nn innervate?
(S2-S4) hindgut (all the way to prox rectum)
What are the two principal components of the enteric nervous system?
myenteric (auerbach’s) plexus: between outer longitudinal and inner circular muscle layers; motility
Submucosal (meissner’s) plexus: secretions, blood flow, absorption
Where do the sympathetic fibers from the greater, lesser and lowest splanchnic nerves synapse?
in the superior mesenteric ganglia
