PERITONEAL Flashcards
What is the term used to describe the accumulation of fluid between the peritoneal membranes?
- “Ascites.”
What are frequent causes of ascitic transudates?
- Cirrhosis
What is the recommended test for assessing peritoneal conditions, specifically related to ascites?
- Serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) test.
What does a peritoneal fluid protein level of 1.1 or greater suggest?
- A transudate effusion of hepatic origin.
What are some pathogens or microorganisms that can be found in the peritoneal and what test is to assess peritoneal?
- You may find Toxoplasma gondii, bacteria, and yeast.
- Gradient test
What are PSMMOMA bodies, and what conditions are they associated with?
- PSMMOMA bodies are structures that contain concentric striations of collagen-like material.
- They can be seen in benign conditions and are also associated with ovarian malignancy and thyroid malignancy.
What is the significance of peritoneal fluid testing based on its appearance?
- Clear and pale yellow is normal
- Turbid suggests microbial infection
- Green may indicate bile, gallbladder, or pancreatic disorders
- Bloody-streaked may indicate trauma, infection, or malignancy
- Milky suggests lymphatic trauma and blockage
What is the significance of Peritoneal Lavage when it indicates more than 100,000 RBCs/μL in a test result?
- Suggests blunt trauma injury
What is the significance of peritoneal fluid testing, specifically in terms of the white blood cell (WBC) count and its differentials?
- A WBC count of <500 cells/μL is considered normal
- While >500 cells/μL may indicate bacterial peritonitis or cirrhosis
- Additionally, a differential WBC count can help identify bacterial peritonitis or malignancy as potential causes.
What is the significance of testing for Carcinoembryonic antigen in peritoneal fluid?
- Significant for detecting malignancies of gastrointestinal origin.
What is the significance of CA 125 testing in peritoneal fluid?
- Significant as it can indicate the presence of malignancy originating from the ovaries.
What is the significance of decreased glucose levels in peritoneal fluid testing?
- They can indicate conditions such as tubercular peritonitis or malignancy.
What is the significance of increased amylase levels in peritoneal fluid testing?
- It can indicate conditions such as pancreatitis and gastrointestinal perforation.
What is the significance of an elevated level of alkaline phosphatase in peritoneal fluid testing?
- It may indicate gastrointestinal perforation.
What is the significance of testing blood urea nitrogen/creatinine levels in peritoneal fluid?
- Can indicate the possibility of a ruptured or punctured bladder.
