Pericardial Fluid

Question 1

What condition is suspected when there is cardiac compression due to the accumulation of pericardial fluid?

Answer 1

• Tamponade

Question 2

What is the significance of a normal pericardial fluid volume?

Answer 2

Less than 50 ml

Question 3

What are the different appearances of pericardial fluid, and what are their significance?

Answer 3

• Pericardial fluid can appear as clear, pale yellow, which is normal or indicative of transudate.
• It can also be blood-streaked, suggesting infection or malignancy.
• If it’s grossly bloody, it may be due to factors like cardiac puncture or anticoagulant medication.

Question 4

What are the differential diagnostic significance of increased neutrophils and malignant cells in pericardial fluid?

Answer 4

• Increased neutrophils in pericardial fluid may indicate bacterial endocarditis
• While the presence of malignant cells suggests metastatic carcinoma as potential differential diagnoses.

Question 5

What is the significance of decreased glucose levels in pericardial fluid, and what tests can be used to diagnose specific conditions related to pericardial effusion?

Answer 5

1. Decreased glucose levels in pericardial fluid can signify bacterial infection or malignancies.
2. Gram Stain and Culture for bacterial endocarditis
3. Acid-fast Stain for tubercular effusion (MTB)
4. Adenosine deaminase can be used in Tubercular effusion

Question 6

What medical condition is Adenosine Deaminase associated with in the context of Pleural, Pericardial, and Peritoneal fluid?

Answer 6

• Adenosine Deaminase is associated with tubercular effusion in Pleural, Pericardial, and Peritoneal fluid.