Periphrases Flashcards

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1
Q

to have just done something

A

“acabar de + infinitivo

Acabo de preparar la cena.”

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2
Q

to manage to do something

A

“acertar/alcanzar a + infinitivo

Estaban tan nerviosos que no acertaron a explicar su punto de vista.”

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3
Q

to get used to doing something

A

“acostumbrar a + infinitivo

Acostumbra (a) tomar el tren a las cinco.”

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4
Q

to stop to do something

A

“cesar/dejar de + infinitivo

Dejó de llover y salió el sol.”

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5
Q

to begin to do something

A

“ponerse/comenzar/empezar a + infinitivo

Comenzó/Empezó a llover en cuanto llegamos. Cuando terminó el espectáculo, todos se pusieron a aplaudir.”

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6
Q

to possibly (“must”) be something

A

“deber de + infinitivo

Deben de ser las ocho”

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7
Q

to burst/break into doing something

A

“echarse/romper a + infinitivo

se echa a reír (he is bursting out laughing)”

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8
Q

to be about to do something

A

“estar por / estar a punto de + infinitivo

Estaba por preparar la cena.”

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9
Q

going to do something

A

“ir a + infinitivo

Voy a visitar a mis primos.”

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10
Q

to know how to do something

A

“saber + infinitivo

Sé hablar español muy bien.”

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11
Q

to still have to do something

A

“quedar por + infinitivo

nos queda por pagar la luz (we still have to pay the light bill)”

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12
Q

to come to (do) something

A

“llegar a + infinitivo
llegamos a comprender (we came to understand)
llegams a los golpes (we came to blows)
llegamos a sentir (we came to feel …)”

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13
Q

to do something usually

A

“soler + infinitivo

Suelo levantarme a las seis.”

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14
Q

to turn out to be a certain way

A

“venir a + infinitivo

En ese caso, ambas opciones venían a ser lo mismo.”

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15
Q

to do something again

A

“volver a + infinitivo

Prometió que no volverá a decir mentiras.”

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16
Q

to take a long time to do something

A

“tardar en + infinitivo

Tardó mucho en llegar (It took a great deal [of time] to arrive.)”

17
Q

to have to do something

A

“tener que OR haber de/que OR deber + infinitivo

No fui porque tenía que estudiar. Estos son los documentos que hemos de darle al abogado. Debes venir inmediatamente.”

18
Q

to finish doing something

A

“terminar de + infinitivo

Terminé de cocinar a las ocho.”

19
Q

to end up doing something

A

“terminar por + infinitivo

Terminé por comprar el vestido violeta.”

20
Q

to be going around doing something

A

“andar + present participle

El perro anda olfateando todos los árboles.”

21
Q

to be doing something

A

“estar + present participle

Estaba trabajando cuando me llamaste.”

22
Q

to be gradually doing something

A

“ir + present participle

Sus problemas de salud fueron aumentando hasta que finalmente tuvo que dejar de trabajar.”

23
Q

to continue to do something from the past

A

“llevar + time expression + present participle

Llevo dos años estudiando español.”

24
Q

to keep on doing something

A

“seguir + present participle

Ella sigue estudiando.”

25
Q

to have been performing a continuous process

A

“venir + present participle

¡Te vengo diciendo que comas mejor!”

26
Q

to remain something

A

“quedar + past participle

Quedé agotada después de la fiesta.”

27
Q

to maintain a state of something

A

“tener + past participle

Le tengo prohibido salir después de las once de la noche.”

28
Q

to have seen oneself (felt) as something

A

“verse + past participle

Juan se vio obligado a partir.”

29
Q

We must have (eaten too much)

A

“hemos de haber + participle

hemos de haber comido demasiado!”