Peripheral Vascular Disease Flashcards
What characteristics an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm?
50% increase in the diameter of the aorta
What are the risk factors of AAA?
male family history age smoking peripheral vascular disease Hypertension Raised lipids Obesity
How are asymptomatic AAA found?
imaging for other things and screening
75% are asymptomatic
What proportion of patients with a ruptured AAA make it to hospital?
25%-50%
What are the 2 main imaging investigations are useful for AAA?
Ultrasound and CT scan
What can a CT scan with IV contrast find about the AAA?
The anuerysm morphology …
What are the reasons for elective aneurysm operation?
Prophylactic reasons - reducing the risk of rupture
What are the reasons for emergency aneurysm operation?
Therapeutic - to save the patients life
Management of elective anuerysm?
actively watch
Actively intervene through EVAR or Open oractively decide not to intervene
EVAR - endo
exclude AAA from inside th
What is an open repair?
Laparotomy
Clamp aorta and the iliacs
do a Dacron graft
Decide between a tube or bifurcated graft
What can you tell about a AAA from a ultrasound?
The diameter of it and whether the iliac arteries are involved
What moves the blood out of the legs?
A vessel, valves to create a one-way system
A pump - muscle to deliver energy to the system
What are varicose veins?
Dilated, tortuous superficial veins, due to the abnormal transmission of deep vein pressure
What conditions increase the deep veins pressure?
deep vein obstruction
deep valve incompetence
