Peripheral Vascular Disease

Question 1

Epidemiology of PVD/PAD

Answer 1

prevalence of 3-12%
Age 45+ increasing with age.
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Question 2

aetiology of PVD

Answer 2

predisposed by smoking, diabetes, hyper viscosity, hyperlipidemia, phlebitis - vein inflammation

Question 3

pathophysiolgy

Answer 3

Atherosclerotic changes acutely compounded by thrombus or emboli

Question 4

natural history

Answer 4

increased risk of MI and Stroke

Question 5

clinical manefestations

Answer 5

Rarely acute, more commonly a slow progression.

Most often at femoral bifurcation.

Question 6

symptoms

Answer 6

intermittant claudication - pain - aching/cramping/uncomfortable when walking
relieved by rest

Question 7

signs

Answer 7

can have no signs
moderate severe decrease/absent peripheral pulses

5 P’s - pulselessness, pallor, pain, paraesthesia, paralysis.

mottling in a fishnet pattern

low Ankle-brachial index of

Question 8

complications

Answer 8

critical limb ishaemia/tissue death/amputation
other vascular disease
increased risk of ulceration.

Question 9

prognosis

Answer 9

life style change