peripheral neuropathy Flashcards
What is motor nerve damage associated with
muscle weakness
-fasiculations
-muscle atrophy
-painful cramps
What symptoms will you have with sensory nerve damage
Loss of vibratory sense
stocking glove sensation
loss of reflexes
loss of position sense
loss of temp sense
What is another name for autonomic nerve damage
small fiber neuropathies
What symptoms will you have with autonomic nerve damage
excess sweating
heat intolerance
inability to expand
What is neuropathy of several discrete nerves known as
multiple mononeuropathy
What is polyneuropathy
multiple nerves diffusely
What are some acquired sources of neuropathy
trauma (physical injury)
Diabetes
Vascular / blood problems (CAD)
systemic autoimmune diseases (SLE)
triggered autoimmune disease (Guillian-barre)
What is the leading cause of polyneuropathy in the US
Diabetes
Where does Guillian-Barre neuropathy generally present first
trunk
What is the most common cause of single nerve injury
Physical injury
What are some genetic sources of neuropathy
Charcot-Marie-Tooth
What is the most common inherited nerve disorder
Charcot-Marie-Tooth
What is a common infection that can cause neuropathy
HIV
What are the physiologic tests for nerve function
Nerve conduction velocity (NCV)
Electromyography (EMG)
What does NCV measure
signal strength and speed
What does EMG measure
Electrical activity rest/contraction
What are some neuropathology tests for nerve appearance
Nerve bx (usu. from lower leg)
Neurodiagnostic skin bx
What is the gold standard for dx small fiber neuropathies
Neurodiagnostic skin biopsy
What does MRI for neuropathy look for
Compression
mass
soft tissue structures
What does CT for neuropathy look for
Mass
Solid tissue structure (spinal stenosis)
What are some therapies than can help improve some peripheral neuropathies
orthotics
acupuncture
CBT
Behavioral strategies
What are some surgeries that can be done to help peripheral neuropathy
decompress a nerve
severing the nerve and replace w/ stimulation
What is the best treatment for peripheral neuropathy
Prevention