Peripheral Nervous System

Question 1

The body’s ability to detect changes in the internal and external enviornments

Answer 1

Sensation

Question 2

The conscious interpretation of stimuli

Answer 2

Perception

Question 3

What are the structures specialized to respond to changes in the enviornment

Answer 3

Sensory Receptors

Question 4

What are two classifications of receptors based on location

Answer 4

Exteroceptors and Interoceptors

Question 5

Exteroceptors respond to stimuli occuring

Answer 5

on the outside of the body

Question 6

Examples of extroceptors includes

Answer 6

touch, pressure, pain and temp receptors in the skin and special sense organs (e.g. eyes, ears)

Question 7

Interoceptors are also known as

Answer 7

Visceroceptors

Question 8

Interoceptors (visceroceptors) respond to stimuli

Answer 8

occuring in the inside of the body in the organs and blood vessels

Question 9

What do Interoceptors detect

Answer 9

chemical changes,stretch, pain and temp

Question 10

This is a specific kind of interoceptors

Answer 10

Proprioceptors

Question 11

Proprioceptors respond to

Answer 11

internal stimuli caused by movement

Question 12

Proprioceptors can be found

Answer 12

in muscles, tendons, ligaments, and connective tissue coverings of muscles and bones

Question 13

Function of the proprioceptors is to help

Answer 13

the brain know the location of the body parts

Question 14

Classification of receptors based on stimulus detected

Answer 14

~ Chemoreceptors- respond to chemical changes
~ Nociceptors- pain receptors
~ Thermoreceptors- respond to temp changes
~ Mechanoreceptors- detect touch, pressure, vibrations, and stretch
~ Photoreceptors-respond to light energy

Question 15

Types of chemoreceptors

Answer 15

Taste, smell, and blood chemicals

Question 16

Why do we have nociceptors

Answer 16

to respond to potentially damaging stimuli

Question 17

Photoreceptors are found mainly

Answer 17

in the eyes

Question 18

Free dendritic endings are

Answer 18

naked dendritic processes (no capsule)

Question 19

Where can free dendritic endings be found and what do they respond to

Answer 19

nearly all body regions; mainly to pain, temp changes, but can act as mechanoreceptors

Question 20

what are encapsulated dendritic endings

Answer 20

they have one or more terminal fibers enclosed in a connective tissue capsule

Question 21

Encapsulated dendritic endings are mostly what kind of receptor based on stimulus detected

Answer 21

mechanoreceptors

Question 22

What are some specific types of encapsulated dendritic endings

Answer 22

~Meissner's Corpuscle
~Krause's End Bulbs
~Pacinian Corpuscle
~Ruffini's Corpuscle
~Muscle Spindles
~Golgi Tendon Organs
~Joint Kinesthetic Receptors

Question 23

What does the Meissner’s Corpuscle detect and where is it found

Answer 23

light pressure, touch and low frequency vibrations; found in the skin (especially hairless areas)

Question 24

What does Krause’s end bulbs detect and where is it found

Answer 24

light pressure, touch, and low frequency vibrations; found in mucous membranes

Question 25

What does the Pacinian Corpuscle detect and where is it found

Answer 25

deep pressure; located in the dermis and hypodermis

Question 26

What does the Ruffini’s Corpuscle detect

Answer 26

continuous pressure in the skin and joint capsules

Question 27

What does the muscle spindles detect

Answer 27

the stretch of muscle fibers

Question 28

What does he golgi tendon organs detect

Answer 28

the stretch of tendons

Question 29

what are joint kinesthetic receptors

Answer 29

proprioceptors around synovial joints

Question 30

Transduction

Answer 30

Stimulus is turned into an electrical impulse allowing it to be sent to brain

Question 31

Receptor potentials are

Answer 31

similar to EPSPs; needs to be above threshold to cause an action potential

Question 32

Generator Potentials are

Answer 32

receptor potential that get above threshold; causes action potential

Question 33

A stimulus that is continuous causes less and less response by the receptors, thus the sensation goes away with time

Answer 33

Adaptation