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Anatomy Final > Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Portion of the peripheral nervous system that functions without conscious effort (involuntary)

A

Autonomic Nervous System

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2
Q

What does the ANS do

A

it mainly regulates visceral activities and maintains homeostasis

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3
Q

What does the ANS consist of

A

Efferent Viceral nerve fibers and associated ganglia

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4
Q

Autonomic Function are

A

reflex actions controlled from centers in the Hypothalamus, Brain Stem and spinal cord

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5
Q

Small clusters of neurons (including cell bodies) outside the CNS

A

Ganglia

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6
Q

What do the Ganglia do in the ANS

A

they integrate impulses before sending them out into the body; this allows some independence in function

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7
Q

The nerve fibers carry an impulse to the ganglion from the CNS

A

Preganglionic Fibers

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8
Q

Nerve fibers that carry an impulse from the ganglion to effector

A

Postganglionic Fibers

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9
Q

Most visceral organs are mainly made active by one division of the ANS

A

Visceral Organ Control

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10
Q

What are the two division of the ANS

A

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic; they often act antagonistically to each other.

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11
Q

What does the Sympathetic division do; what does the stress stand for

A

It prepares the body for stressful and emergency conditions; “stress or scared”

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12
Q

What activates “Fight or Flight”

A

Activated by rage or fear

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13
Q

What are the effects of the Sympathetic Division

A 
~Increased heart rate
~Increased Blood Pressure
~Decreased G.I. movement and secretions
~Decreased bowel and urine flow
~Dilation of airways and pupils (extra O2 and vision)
~Blood flow is shifted from skin,mucosa, and abdominal viscera to the heart, brain, and skeletal muscle
~Increased sweating
~Orgasm/ Ejaculation
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14
Q

Sympathetic Nerve Fibers are located on

A

the nerves from the thoracic and lumbar regions

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15
Q

Preganglionic fibers for the Sympathetic division are

A

short

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16
Q

Postganglionic fibers for the Sympathetic division are

A

Long

17
Q

Ganglia of the sympathetic division are located alongside the vertebral column

A

Paravertebral Ganglia

18
Q

Neurotrasmitters of the Sympathetic Division

A

Acetylcholine- secreted by preganglionic nerves

Norepinephrine- secreted by postganglionic nerves

19
Q

What are the two receptors of the Sympathetic Division

A

Nicotonic Cholinergic Receptors; Adrenergic receptors

20
Q

Where can nicotinic cholinergic receptors be found and what does it react to

A

at ganglion; acetylcholine but also Nicotine

21
Q

Where can Adrenergic receptors be found and what does it react to

A

at effector, reacts to norepinephrine

22
Q

“peaceful” diviosion of ANS, most active under ordinary conditions

A

Parasympathetic division

23
Q

What does the parasympathetic division do

A

it allows for energy conservation and restoration

24
Q

What are the effects of the Parasympathetic Division

A 
~Decreases Heart rate
~Decreases Blood pressure
~Increased G.I. movements and secretions
~Empties the bladder and rectum
~Constriction of airways and pupils
~Erection of penis/clitoris
25
Q

Parasympathetic nerve fibers are located

A

from the cranila nerves 3,7,9,10 and sacral nerves

26
Q

The preganglionic fibers of the Parasympthetic division are

A

Long

27
Q

The postganglionic fibers of the Parasympthetic division are

A

Short

28
Q

What are the Neurotransmitters of the parasympathetic Division

A

only acetylcholine

29
Q

What are the two receptors used by the Parasympathetic division

A

Nicotinic cholinirgic receptors- at ganglion
Muscarinic cholinirgic receptors- at effectors
(both react to acetylcholine)

30
Q

The ANS is largely controlled by

A

the CNS

31
Q

What does the medulla oblongata do in regards to the ANS

A

it regulates cardiac, vasomotor, and respiratory activities

32
Q

What regulates many of the visceral functions of the ANS

A

the Hypothalamus

33
Q

What portions of the hypothalamus control the parasympathetic division

A

medial and anterior regions

34
Q

What portions of the hypothalamus control the sympathetic division

A

lateral and posterior regions

35
Q

The higher brain center controls

A

~Limbic system- emotions

~Cerebral Cortex- connects to the ANS through the limbic system

Anatomy Final (11 decks)

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