peripheral nerve disease Flashcards
describe features of mono neuritis multiplex
multiple non-contiguous nerves vasculitic or inflammatory asymmetric weakness/sensory loss distal > proximal weakness usually painful
name several systemic diseases associated with mono neuritis multiplex
polyarteritis nodosa Wegeners granulomatosis rheumatoid arthritis leprosy diabetes lupus sarcoidosis lyme disease
what are the 2 categories of polyneuropathies
axonal
demyelinating
what are the diseases associated with demyelinating polyneuropathies
Guillon Barre (AIDP)
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP)
Charcot Marie tooth 1a
NCV findings: reduced conduction velocities, prolonged latency
What are the diseases associated with Axonal polyneuropathies
Toxic, metabolic nutritional
NCV findings: reduced amplitude
Describe the important features of Guillain Barre
- rapid onset symmetric weakness
- monophasic and preipheral
- respiratory failure major risk
- ascending weakness
- paresthesias
- areflexia
- facial weakness
- autonomic symptoms
- associated with CMV, EBV, HIV, immunizations, surgery
- albumin cytologic dissociation
describe the important features of B12 deficiency polyneuropathy
degeneration of dorsal columns and spinal tract
loss of vibration/proprioception
large fiber nerve axonopathy
-paresthesias and stocking glove sensory loss
name the nutritional polyneuropathies
B12 pyroxine niacin thiamine alcohol copper
name the toxic polyneuropathies
chemotherapeutic agents (cisplatinum, vincristine, taxol) isoniazid organophosphates heavy metals alcohol
what are the important features of Charcot Marie Tooth
Demyelinating (Slow NCV) autosomal dominant duplication of PMP22 pes cavus hammer toe hypertrophy of peripheral nerves
