periodontal care Flashcards
What are the classifications for periodontal conditions as of the 2017 guidelines?
Please Give George Nine Percy Pigs Straight Past Meal Time Tonight.
- periodontal health
- Gingivitis
- Gingival diseases and conditions (non dental biofilm induced)
- Necrotising periodontal diseases
- Periodontitis
- Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease
- Systemic diseases or conditions affecting the periodontal supporting tissues
- Periodontal abscesses
- Mucogingival deformities
- Traumatic occlusal forces
- Tooth and prosthesis related factors
What does staging periodontitis entail?
- Recording interproximal bone loss at the worst site of bone loss
- Stage 1, stage 2, stage 3, stage 4.
What does grading periodontitis entail?
- calculates rate of progression
- %bone loss/age
- Grade A, Grade B, Grade C
what does assessing periodontal status entail?
*Is it stable, in remission, or currently unstable?
Describe a healthy periodontium
- Gingival margin several millimetres coronal to the CEJ
- Gingival sulcus 0.5-3mm deep
- Alveolar crest 0.4-1.9mm apical to the CEJ in teenagers
what is the biological width of the tooth?
distance from cemento-enamel junction to alveolar bone crest
To diagnose clinical “periodontal health” you would expect to see what?
BPE screening showing bleeding on probing with intact or 10% reduced periodontium
what constitutes as gingivitis?
- gum inflammation
- Presence of plaque
- Is it biofilm induced - local/generalised?
- Is it non biofilm induced ?
describe the mechanisms of biofilm induced gingivitis
supragingival plaque accumulates on teeth, inflammatory cell infiltrate develops in gingival connective tissue. junction epithelium becomes disrupted. allows plaque to migrate apically and increases sulcus depth. creates false pocket.
When doing a BPE how would you diagnose gingivitis?
- 10-30% BOP = localised gingivitis
- > 30% BOP =Generalised gingivitis
- Presence of plaque retentive factors
necrotising ulcerative gingivitis is caused by what type of bacteria?
- fusiform
* Spirochete
how does pubertal gingivitis come about?
Increased inflammatory response to plaque mediated by hormonal changes. In teenagers can progress to periodontitis.
what are some non biofilm induced causes of gingivitis?
- Trauma
- Genetics
- Infection
- drug induced
- Systemic disease
What kind of drugs can cause gingivitis?
- cyclosporin
* Phenytoin
what systemic diseases can cause gingivitis?
- Haematological - Agranulocytosis
- cyclic neutropenia
- Granulomatous inflammations
- crohns
- sarcoidosis
- granulomatosis
what is the best approved method of treating gingivitis
- Rigourous oral hygiene/home care
- frequent scaling
- Surgery (especially in drug induced cases)
what are the 4 main distinguishing features of periodontitis?
- Apical migration of junctional epithelium beyond CEJ
- Loss of attachment of periodontal tissues to cementum
- Transformation of junctional epithelium to pocket epithelium
- Alveolar bone loss