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paediatrics > Oral Medicine > Flashcards

Oral Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

Name 3 Oro-facial soft tissue infections (3)

A
  • Primary Herpes
  • Herpangina
  • Hand Foot and Mouth
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2
Q

What causes Primary Herpes?

A
  • Herpes Simplex Virus I

* Transmitted by droplets

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3
Q

What are the symptoms of Primary Herpes?

A
  • Fluid filled vesicles
  • Severe oedematous marginal gingivitis
  • Fever
  • Headache
  • Malaise
  • Cervical Lymphadenopathy
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4
Q

How is primary herpes treated?

A
  • Rest
  • Soft diet & water
  • paracetamol
  • Antimicrobial Gel/mouthwash
  • Aciclovir for immunocompromised children
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5
Q

What exacerbating factors can cause a primary herpes outbreak?

A
  • Sunlight
  • Stress
  • Other causes of ill health
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6
Q

Herpangina & Hand Foot and Mouth are caused by which virus?

A

*Coxsackie A Virus

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7
Q

Where in the mouth does Herpangina affect?

A

*Vesicles in the tonsillar/Pharyngeal region

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8
Q

Where does Hand Foot and Mouth affect the body?

A
  • Ulceration on the gingiva/tongue/cheeks/palate

* Maculopapular rash on the hands and feet

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9
Q

What is an oral ulceration?

A

Localised defect in the surface of the oral mucosa where the epithelium has been destroyed leaving inflamed connective tissue

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10
Q

What 10 things should we know about a patient with Oral Ulcerations?

A
  • Onset
  • Frequency
  • Number
  • Site
  • Size
  • Duration
  • Exacerbating factors
  • lesion in other areas
  • associated medical problems
  • Treatment so far
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11
Q

What can cause oral ulceration?

A
  • Infection
  • Immune mediated disorders
  • Vesculobullous disorders
  • inherited or acquired immunodeficiency disorders
  • neoplastic/haematological
  • Trauma
  • Vitamin Deficiencies - iron, b12, folate
  • Recurrent Apthous Stomatitis
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12
Q

What is the most common cause of ulceration in children?

A

Recurrent Apthous Ulceration

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13
Q

What 3 patterns does RAU take?

A
  • Minor <10mm (heal 7-14 days)
  • Major >10mm (Heal several weeks potentially)
  • herpetiform 1-2mm (multiple ulcers)
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14
Q

What are the aetiological factors regarding RAU?

A
  • hereditary predisposition
  • Deficiency disorders
  • Allergic disorders - Sodium Lauryl Sulphate
  • Hormonal Disturbance
  • stress
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15
Q

What investigations should you carry out to determine RAU?

A
  • Diet Diary
  • FBC
  • Haematinics (Folate/B12/Ferritin)
  • Coeliac Screen
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16
Q

How can you manage RAU?

A
  • Avoid exacerbating food groups
  • Iron supplementation for low ferritin
  • Referral to paediatrician if low folate/B12
17
Q

Orofacial Granulomatosis is associated with which disease?

A

*Crohns disease

18
Q

What are the clinical features of OFG?

A
  • Lip swelling
  • Gingival Swelling
  • Swelling of non labial facial tissues
  • cobblestone appearance of buccal mucosa
  • Lip/tongue fissuring
  • angular chelitis
19
Q

Those with OFG should avoid what?

A
  • Cinnamon Compounds

* Benzoates

20
Q

What investigations can you use to aid management of OFG?

A
  • Measure Growth
  • FBC
  • Haematinics
  • Patch Tests
  • Diet Diary
21
Q

How can OFG be managed?

A
  • Oral hygiene support
  • Dietary exclusion
  • manage deficiencies
  • Topical steroids
  • Short courses of oral steroids
22
Q

What is the most common type of mucosal lesion found on the tongue?

A

geographic tongue

23
Q

what type of papillae are lost from geographic tongue?

A

filiform papillae

24
Q

how can geographic tongue be managed?

A

Bland diet - avoid citrus/spice

25
Q

What are some common causes of solid swellings?

A
  • Fibroepithelial Polyp
  • Epulides
  • Congenital epulis
  • HPV-Associated mucosal swellings
26
Q

What is a fibroepithelial polyp?

A
  • A benign lump
  • mainly in cheeks
  • Once established remains constant size
  • caused by minor trauma
27
Q

What is the most preferable course of treatment for a fibroepithelial polyp?

A

Surgical Excision

28
Q

What are epiludes?

A

a benign hyperplastic lesions, caused by repeated irritation.

29
Q

What is the preferred course of treatment for an epilude?

A

*excision and management of exacerbating factors

30
Q

HPV can cause which associated swellings?

A
  • Verruca Vulgaris

* Squamous Cell Papilloma

31
Q

A patient with Masticatory muscle spasm, limited jaw opening and pain may have what?

A

*Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome

paediatrics (8 decks)

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