Periodicity Flashcards
Define periodicity
A repeating trend in properties across each period
Define 1st ionisation energy
The energy required to remove 1e mole from 1 mole of gaseous atoms to form 1 mole of 1+ ions
What factors affect ionisation energy?
- Nuclear charge
- Electron shielding
- Distance
How do group 2 oxides react with water?
They produce a metal hydroxide
How do group 2 oxides react with dilute acid?
They react to form a salt and water
How do group 2 hydroxides react with dilute acids?
They form a salt and water
How does solubility in group 2 hydroxides change?
It increases down the group
How does the solubility of group 2 sulphates change?
It decreases down the group
What uses of group 2 compounds are there?
Ca(oh)2 slaked lime used in agriculture
Ca(oh)2 aqueous is limewater
Mg(oh)2 milk of magnesium
How do halogens react?
They are oxidising agents
What is the halogen displacement rule?
A more reactive halogen will displace a less reactive halogen in a solution of its ions
What is chlorine’s colour in water?
Pale green
What is bromines colour in water?
Orange
What is iodine’s colour in water?
Brown
What is chlorine’s colour in hexane?
Pale green
What is bro Ines colour in hexane?
Red
What is iodine’s colour in hexane?
Violet
Define disproportionation
The oxidation and reduction of the same element in a displacement reaction
What is the difference between reactions a halogen with a hot or cold alkali?
The halogens oxidation no. in the acid produced
What is the test for chlorine?
Bleaches damp litmus
What is the test for iodine?
Add iodine indicator
What is the test for bromine?
Add to potassium iodide and it should turn red-brown
Why do some hydrogen halides have high bps?
Hydrogen bonding is really strong
Are hydrogen halides soluble?
Yes and they react to form ions
What colour is silver chloride?
White
What colour is silver bromide?
Cream
What colour is silver iodide?
Yellow
