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Chemistry > Periodic Table Reactions > Flashcards

Periodic Table Reactions Flashcards

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1
Q

NaCl with water

A

pH 7
Dissolves readily
NaCl (s) —> Na+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)

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2
Q

MgCl2 with water

A

pH 6.5
Dissolves with slight hydrolysis to give slightly acidic solution
Equation forms Mg(H2O)5OH+ complex

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3
Q

AlCl3 with water

A

pH 3
Dissolves with appreciable hydrolysis to give an acidic solution
Forms aluminium complex

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4
Q

SiCl4 with water

A

pH 2
Dissolves in water due to complete hydrolysis to form acidic solution
Forms SiO2 (s) and 4HCl (aq)

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5
Q

PCl5 with water (excess)

A

pH 2
Dissolves in water due to complete hydrolysis to form acidic solution
Forms phosphoric acid and HCl (aq)

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6
Q

PCl5 with water (limited)

A 
pH 2
Gives POCl3 (l) and 2HCl (g)
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7
Q

PCl5 with added water (after limited)

A

Starting from POCl3 (l)

Gives phosphoric acid and HCl (aq)

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8
Q

Sodium oxide with water

A

pH 13

Reacts vigorously to form strongly basic solution

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9
Q

Magnesium oxide with water

A

pH 9
Reacts less vigorously to form weakly alkaline solution
Due to more exothermic lattice energy, it is more difficult to break ionic lattice structure, so MgO is sparingly soluble

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10
Q

Aluminium oxide with water

A 
No reaction (insoluble in water)
Very exothermic lattice energy
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11
Q

Silicon dioxide with water

A 
No reaction (insoluble in water)
Strong and extensive covalent bonds between Si and O atoms in lattice structure
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12
Q

Phosphorus oxide with water

A

pH 2
Reacts readily with water to form acidic solution
Gives phosphoric acid

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13
Q

Sulfur trioxide with water

A

pH 2
Reacts readily with water to form acidic solution
Gives sulphuric acid

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14
Q

Sodium oxide/hydroxide with acids

A

Undergo neutralisation, forms salt solution

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15
Q

Magnesium oxide/hydroxide with acids

A

Undergo neutralisation, forms salt solution

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16
Q

Aluminium trioxide with acids

A

Undergo neutralisation to form salt solution

Al2O3 (s) + 6HCl (aq) —> 2AlCl3 (aq) + 3H2O

17
Q

Aluminium trioxide with bases

A

Undergo neutralisation to form salt solution

Al2O3 (s) +2NaOH (aq) +3H2O (l) –> 2NaAl(OH)4 (aq)

18
Q

Silicon dioxide with bases

A 
Only reacts with hot concentrated NaOH
Forms Na2SiO3 (aq) and water
19
Q

Phosphorus oxide with bases

A

Forms Na3PO4 and water

20
Q

Sulfur trioxide with bases

A

Forms Na2SO4 and water

21
Q

What is the reason behind diagonal relationships?

A

The elements have similar charge density and electronegativity. They then have similar polarising powers, making it such that they have similar chemical properties.
Li and Mg are both thermally stable, Be and Al are both amphoteric (their oxides have covalent character, so they have acidic character)

Chemistry (13 decks)

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