Alkenes

Question 1

Electrophilic addition of halogens, to give dihalogenoalkanes

Answer 1

X2 in organic solvent (CCl4) at room temperature

Question 2

Electrophilic addition of halogens to give halohydrins

Answer 2

X2 in water at room temperature

Question 3

Electrophilic addition of hydrogen halides to give halogenoalkanes

Answer 3

Dry HX (g) at room temperature

Question 4

Electrophilic addition of water to form alcohols (indirect)

Answer 4

Cold con. H2SO4 followed by H2O and heat

Question 5

Electrophilic addition of water to form alcohols (direct)

Answer 5

H2O(g), heat in presence of H3PO4 catalyst at high temperature and pressure

Question 6

Reduction to form alkanes

Answer 6

H2(g), heat in presence of nickel cat

H2(g), platinum cat at room temperature

Question 7

Mild oxidation to form diols

Answer 7

Cold KMnO4(aq) in KOH (aq)

Question 8

Strong oxidation

Answer 8

KMnO4(aq) in H2SO4 (aq), heat under reflux

Question 9

Elimination to form alkene (alcohol ver.)

Answer 9

Excess con. H2SO4, heat
Con H3PO4, heat
Al2O3, heat

Question 10

Elimination to form alkene (halogenoalkane ver.)

Answer 10

KOH in ethanol, heat under reflux