periodic table and energy

Question 1

what is the definition of first ionisation energy

Answer 1

energy needed to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of gaseous +1 ions

Question 2

what are the factors affecting ionisation energies

Answer 2

nuclear charge
distance from nucleus
shielding

Question 3

explain how nuclear charge effects ionisation energies

Answer 3

higher positive charge means stronger attraction so higher energy

Question 4

explain how distance from nucleus effects ionisation energies

Answer 4

attractions decreases rapidly with increased distance from nucleus so lower energy

Question 5

explain how shielding effects ionisation energies

Answer 5

as number of electrons between the outer electrons and nucleus increases, the less attraction the outer shell electrons feel so lower energy

Question 6

what is the definition of second ionisation energies

Answer 6

energy required to remove 1 mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous +1 ions to form 1 mole of gaseous +2 ions