Periodic table Flashcards
What made Mendeleev’s periodic table so good?
Because he could find everything out about the element even if it hasn’t been discovered yet.
Where would you find the metal and non-metal elements?
Metal mostly left middle, non-metal mostly right hand top conner
What do the period and group numbers tell you?
The group tells you how many electrons are on its outer shell. The period tells you how many shells there are in the atom.
Discuss differences between metals and non-metals
Metals are electrical conductors
Non-metals are electrical insulators
Metals are modulable
Non-metals are non-modulable
Metals are basic oxides
Non-metals are acidic base
How could we chemically identify whether something is a metal or a non-metal?
React the element with water add universal indicator if it turns orange it is an non-metal (acid) though if it turns purple/blue it is an metal (akliad/base)
What is common about the alkali metals?
All have 1 electron on outer shell
All every reactive
Conductors of electricity and heat
Atomic number goes up by 8 (first 3)
Atomic mass goes up by 16 (first 3)
What differences are there in the alkali metals?
Different atomic mass and numbers
Different structures
Why does reactivity increase as you go down group 1
As you go down group 1 the reactivity gets more reactive. As the distance between the electron and nucleus increases the force of attraction decreases. Therefore less energy is required to remove the outer electron
Predict what happens to reactivity of group 7 elements as you go down the group?
Reactivity decreases as you go down group 7, because larger atoms require more energy for gaining electrons because the distance of the furthest shell and nucleus is increasing.
Reactivity decreases as you go down the group
In the larger atoms the outer most electrons are further from the nucleus.
This makes it harder to gain an electron as it will be less strongly attracted to the nucleus
Therefore more energy is required to put and keep an electron there.
Explain what halogens and halides are?
Halogens – not charged
Halides – charged
KCl(aq) + Br2(aq)
Original: orange
Turn into: orange
KCl(aq) + I2(aq)
Original: brown
Turn into: brown
KBr(aq) + Cl2(aq)
Original: green
Turn into: orange
Kbr(aq) + I2(aq)
Original:
Turn into:
KI(aq) + Cl2(aq)
Original: green
Turn into: brown
Kl(aq) + Br2(aq)
Original: orange
Turn into: brown
What are ionic equations?
How to write them:
Write down word equation
Write down balanced symbol equation
Write in the state symbols and split ions
Remove spectator ions
Write the ones that are left without spectators ions
In a question if they say solution or dissolved it is an (aqueous)
Spectator ions (things that are the same on both sides of the equations)
Precipitate – solid
Aqueous – something dissolved in water
Observation when lithium reacts with water?
Name of solution formed?
Name of gas formed?
Effervescence (fizzed), moved around a lot, gas produced
Lithium hydroxide
Hydrogen
Observation when lithium reacts with water?
Name of solution formed?
Name of gas formed?
Effervescence (fizzed), moved around a lot, gas produced (but more aggressive)
Sodium hydroxide
Hydrogen
Observation when potassium reacts with water?
Name of solution formed?
Name of gas formed?
Effervescence (fizzed), moved around a lot, gas produced, lilac flame, sometime hear a squeaky pop (but more aggressive)
Potassium hydroxide
Hydrogen
