Bonding and atomic structure

Question 1

Definition of covalent?

Answer 1

The sharing of a pair of electrons between 2 atoms (only with non-metals)

Question 2

Definition of ionic?

Answer 2

The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
(Only with one metal and one non-metals)

Question 3

What happens with molecules when they form ionic compounds?

Answer 3

The atom that gains the electrons becomes a negatively charged anion, the atom that loses the electrons becomes a positively charged cation

Question 4

How do we know how many electrons are shared in a covalent bond?

Answer 4

However many electrons are needed for a full outer shell, that’s how many it will share

Question 5

What are the components of a atom?

Answer 5

Shell, nucleus, protons, netrouns, electrons

Question 6

Label the element?

Answer 6

Atomic mass - The average mass of one atom of an element relative to the mass of 1/12th of carbon-12 atom, it is the number of protons and neutrons, this does not have to be unique

Atomic number - The number protons in an element, unique to every element. If this changes, the element changes, same as number of electrons (If not charges)

Question 7

Neutron

Answer 7

Mass = 1 amu

Charge = Neutral (0)

Where it is = Nucleus

Question 8

Proton

Answer 8

Mass = 1 amu

Charge = Positive (+1)

Where it is = Nucleus

Question 9

Electron

Answer 9

Mass = 1
——
1840

Charge = Negative (-1)

Where it is = Shell

Question 10

What are isotopes?

Answer 10

Two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Question 11

How many electrons can fit into an atom?

Answer 11

1st shell = 2

2nd shell = 8

3rd shell = 8

4th shell = 18

Question 12

The formula to calculate the isotopic mass is:

Answer 12

                             100

Question 13

Atom?

Answer 13

The smallest particle that can exist

Question 14

Molecule?

Answer 14

A substance that contains 2 or more atoms that have been chemically bonded together