Organic Chem Flashcards
The form of a alkanes and alkenes
The alkanes form a homologous series
Properties of homologous series? (4)
have the same general formula
differ by CH2 in molecular formulae from neighbouring members of the series
show a gradual variation in physical properties, such as their boiling points
have similar chemical properties
Formula for alkenes and alkanes
CnH2n+2
What are alkanes?
saturated hydrocarbons:
Why are alkanes saturated?
because their carbon atoms are joined together by single bonds
Why are alkanes hydrocarbons?
because they are compounds containing hydrogen and carbon only
molecular formula for methane, ethane, propane, butane?
- CH4
- C2H6
- C3H8
- C4H10
Know how to draw the display formula for methane, ethane, propane, butane?
molecular formula for ethene, propene, butene, pentene?
- C2H4
- C3H6
- C4H8
- C5H10
Know how to draw the display formula for ethene, propene, butene, pentene?
structural formula for methane, ethane, propane, butane?
- CH4
- CH3 CH3
- CH3 CH2 CH3
- CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3
structural formula for ethene, propene, butene, pentene?
- CH2 CH2
- CH2 CH CH3
- CH2 CH CH2 CH3
- CH2 CH CH2 CH2 CH3
Isomers?
= are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural or displayed formula
Example of isomers?
butane and methylpropane
What do Alkanesandalkenesboth undergo?
Alkanesandalkenesboth undergocomplete combustion, but only alkenes can undergoaddition reactions.
Complete combustion?
The complete combustion of alkanes and alkenes involves theoxidationofhydrocarbons.
Addition reactions of alkenes
Thefunctional group, C=C, allows alkenes to undergo addition reactions. where the double bond is removed?
Distinguishing between alkanes and alkenes what is solution?
orange-brown solution of bromine dissolved in water, called bromine water
what happens when bromine water is mixed with an alkane?
there is no change when bromine water is mixed with an alkane
what happens when bromine water is mixed with an alkene?
the bromine water becomes colourless when it is mixed with an alkene
What is a polymer?
larger molecule made up by joining small monomers together
key feature when drawing a polymer?
Line must go through the bracket
Problems with polymers?
are not biodegradable
What happens to a polymer at the end of it life (3)
- Landfill
- Ocean
- Recycled
Landfill pros (2) and cons (3)
+ Keeping all in 1 place
+ Cheap
- Lots of space
- Not biodegradable
- Smell
Burning pros (3) and cons (2)
+ Gets rid of plastic
+ We can burn it and use the energy
+ Little space
- Produce co2
- Produce toxic gases
Recycled pros (1) and cons (1)
+ Avoid landfill and toxic gases
- Time consuming
