Periodic Motion A2 Flashcards
Describe velocity in a circular motion
Constantly changing direction to where the mass is moving towards
Describe acceleration in a circular motion
Always towards the center of the circle
Name and describe the force in a circular motion
Centripetal force towards the center of the circle
What does harmonic mean
Oscillation
What are different types of simple harmonic motion
Left and right such as pendulum, up and down such as a spring
What are the conditions required for simple harmonic motion
Acceleration acts in the opposite direction to displacement, acceleration is proportional to displacement, total energy is constant
What is unique about the time period and frequency of oscillation in an SHM
They are independent to amplitude
What is damping
When energy is removed from an oscillation system due energy lost in friction between the mass and air particles, causing the amplitude to decrease over time
What are free vibrations
Oscillations where the total energy stays the same over time
What are forced vibrations
Forced vibrations occur when the object is forced to vibrate at a particular frequency by a periodic input of force
What is natural frequency
The frequency at which an object vibrates freely
What is resonance
If an object is forced to vibrate at its natural frequency, a much high amplitude is produced (resonance is the vibration of one object causing a vibration on another)
What is the effect of damping on resonance
The amplitude of the resonance peak decreases and the peak occurs at a lower frequency
What is the defining equation for a simple harmonic motion
a = -xω^2, where x is displacement, a is acceleration and ω is angular speed/frequency
