Period 8 1945-1980 Flashcards
Iron curtain
Churchill describing the communist ussr
-ussr spread through Europe
Containment
Us- no instigating war with ussr BUT would defend countries in danger of soviet takeover
Truman Doctrine 1947
Us must support free people’s who resist armed-subjugation by minorities or outside pressures.
Marshall plan 1948
$12 billion to Europe to aid in rebuilding cities and economy’s
-hope: counties become us allies
Berlin airlift 1948
Soviets block berlin in Berlin Blockaid
-1000s of flights into east Germany
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 1949
Mutual defense alliance
-Canada, USA, western europe
New look 1955
Eisenhower
-relied on nuclear weapons to deter potential threats
Massive retaliation
New look threat
-nuclear weapons in response to aggression to any political enemy.
Brinkmanship
Us and ussr would not back down from conflict even into the BRINK OF WAR
Sputnik I 1957
ICBM capability
Space race
NASA
ICBM
Apollo 11—-moon
Nikita Khruschev
“peaceful coexistence”
- denounced Stalin and his theories
- overthrew some small rebellions
Flexible response
Buildup of troops and weapons
-allow limited war without nuclear weapons
Cuban missile crisis 1962
Ussr has missiles in cuba
Limited test ban treaty 1963
Prohibited testing of nuclear weapons
- underwater
- air
- space
- —-only underground testing allowed—–
Nixon doctrine
Vietnam war
-future: counties must fight their OWN war
Detente
Eased tension with ussr
-arms reduction
Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty I (Salt 1) 1972
Nixon
- limited # of missiles
- 200 missiles (ABN)
Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II (Salt II) 1979
Carter
-not passed because Russian action in Afghanistan
Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan 1979
Ussr
- restored pro-soviet regime
- embargo on grain to the ussr
Stopped détente
House Un-American activists committee (HUAC)
Investigate Un-American propaganda
Alger hiss
Accused of being communist
-not convicted-
McCarran Internal Security Act 1950
Required REGISTRATION of communist organization
-investigated “Un-American” activates
McCarran-Walter Act 1952
Still immigration limits
-communist country = no come to USA
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
Suspected of giving ussr atomic bomb tech.
–tried and executed
Joseph McCarthy
List of communists
-no proof of it
McCarthyism
Accusations of bing communist
National security council 1947
10 presidential advisers
-help with foreign policy
CIA 1947
Spy’s
Gather info on foreign governments
Chinese civil war
Kai-shek (nationalist) vs Mao Zedong (communist)
1949—communist—–
Ho Chi Minh
Vietnamese communist leader
- north Vietnam
- tried to unify Vietnam
Korean war 1950-1953
North (ussr)
-invaded south
South (USA and Un)
–draw and division—-
Vietnam 1954-1961 (Eisenhower)
North-communist (Ho Chi) vs south-anti communist (NGO diem)
-$1billion to aid south
Domino theory
If ONE becomes communist, more will follow
Tonkin gulf resolution 1964
Response to minor naval incident
–authorization to declare war without congress approval
Vietnam 1965-1973
Gradual withdrawal
- end of war
- seigon
Vietcong
Guerrilla soldiers for the northern communists
Tet offensive 1968
Massive Vietcong attack on the south Vietnamese
Eugene mccarthy
Anti- war presidential candidate
-
Robert Kennedy
Us attorney general
- cilvil rights
- assassinated
My Lai 1968
North Vietnamese village
-us kills over 200 unarmed civilians
Vietnam war 1969-1973 (Nixon)
Withdraw of troops
-peace with honor
War powers act 1973
President must report with TWO days of placing troops
–60-90 max of overseas actions
Students for a democratic society 1960
Protested- racial injustices and the Vietnam war
-1000s of protests
Kent state 1970
Anti-war protests
-3killed
9wounded
Pentagon papers 1971
Revealed real cause of Vietnamese war
-public distrust
Bay of pigs 1961
Us tried to overthrow Castro but failed
Mann doctrine 1964
More us support in Latin America to combat Communism
Suez crisis 1956
Egypt: nationalized canal
- British and French attack
- Un stops it
Eisenhower doctrine
Use force in any other country likely to fall to Communism
OPEC
Middle east
-did not sell oil to those who supported israel (USA)
Camp David accords 1979
Peace talks between Egypt and Israel
Carter doctrine 1979
Warning—–
Any attempt to take control of Persian gulf will be met with military force
Rosa parks
We all know
King
We all know
Student nonviolent coordinating committee (SNCC) 1960
Sit in
Freedom rides
Young people
March on Washington 1963
I have a dream
80% attendance
Freedom summer 1964
Black voter registration
March and Selma and Montgomery 1965
10,000s who wanted right to vote
-tear gas and clubs
Watts 1965
- 50,000 la protests (loot and burn
- 20,000 national guard
Malcolm X
Black rights
-use violence
Black panthers
Black kkk
Desegregation of military 1948
Happened
-blacks helped in ww2
Brown vs board of education 1954
Not separate but equal
-must desegregate schools
Civil rights act 1957
Symbolic
- civil rights commission
- civil rights admin
Civil rights act of 1964
Outlawed public segregation
-also in workplace
Voting rights act of 1965
Banned literacy testing as a voting requirement
The feminine mystique 1963
By Betty Friedan
-comfortable concentration camp
Equal pay act 1963
Can’t pay unequally based on gender
National organization for women (now) 1966
Equal pay
Civil rights
Equal rights amendment 1972
Defeated
-conservatism began to grow
Cesar Chavez
Civil rights leader
-Mexican
Wounded knee 1973
Insisted that the us hone past treaties
-nothing much came of it
Lyndon Johnson great society 1964
Medicare
Civil rights stuff
Education aid
War on poverty 1964
Lbj
Help da poor
Medicaid 1965
Helps poor with medical expenses
Medicare 1965
Social security add on
Helps pay for old peoples healthcare
Berkeley free speech movement 1964-1965
Lift ban on on-campus political activities
-free damn speech
Silent spring 1962
Rachel Carson
Chemicals-bad
Deet this eggshells
EPA 1970
Protecting and restricting use of chemicals and the environment
Beats
Young poet, writers,artists
- harsh critiques on pop culture
- meaninglessness of politics
Rock n roll
4 rebellious teens
Woodstock 1969
Hippies
-drug, sex, freedom
Watergate 1972
Nixon resigned
- broke into democrats hotel
- killed people’s trust in the government
Roe v wade 1973
-woman’s right to privacy
Abortion is legal
Right-to-life movement
Anti abortion movement
-11million members
Phyllis schlafly
Anti-feminist women leader
-women are responsible for children raising
Cold war 1945-1991
Us- democracy Vs. ussr-communism
- arms race
- space race
- political race
- economic race