Period 6 1865-1898

Question 1

J.P Morgan

Answer 1

Very successful banker

-bought US Steele (first $billion company)

Question 2

John D Rockefeller

Answer 2

Standard oil

• 90-95% of the oil refineries in the us
• reduced prices to make competitors bankrupt

Question 3

Andrew carnegie

Answer 3

Steel

• Bessemer steel production (cheaper)
• worked and supplied rail roads

Question 4

Vanderbilt

Answer 4

Rail road Barron
NYC to Chicago rout
Vertical integration

Question 5

Horizontal integration

Answer 5

Smaller companies combine to form a larger one

Question 6

Vertical integration

Answer 6

Company controls all phases of manufacturing (mining to market)
-easy and cheaper to get supplies

Question 7

Robber baron

Answer 7

Business leaders who use politics to get $ and benefits

• pay official
• support officials in exchange for new laws

Question 8

Sherman-anti-trust act 1890

Answer 8

Tried to break up monopolies

-not originally enforced

Question 9

Gilded age

Answer 9

Term by mark twain

-looks good but underneath its not

Question 10

Panic of 1893

Answer 10

Railroads expanded to fast

• lines to nowhere
• banks failed

Question 11

Knights of labor 1869

Answer 11

Organized unions

• labor bureau created
• led HAYMARKET STRIKE

Question 12

Great railroad strike 1877

Answer 12

Shut down 2/3 of us railroads

• 500,000 protesters
• put down by federal government

Question 13

HAYMARKET square 1886

Answer 13

Wanted 8hr workday

• bomb went off –done
• 100,000 workers

Question 14

Homestead strike 1892

Answer 14

Steel factory

• against wage reductions
• violent
• put down by Pinkerton and militia

Question 15

Pullman strike 1894

Answer 15

Put down by Cleveland because the blocked us mail shipments

Question 16

American Federation of Labor (AFL) 1886

Answer 16

Sam Gompers

• skilled crafts worker union
• better pay, less hours, better conditions

Question 17

Samuel Gompers

Answer 17

Leader of the American federation of labor

-skilled workers union

Question 18

Mother jones

Answer 18

• wanted to help works and be their voice
• supported rr strikes
• helped advocate for coal miners

Question 19

The new south

Answer 19

Industrial growth
New transportation
-capitalist
-self-sufficient

Question 20

Crop-lien systems (Sharecropping, tenant farming)

Answer 20

Loan $ to new farmers (free blacks)

• give a share of the crops in return and to purchase stuff
• went they can’t pay, they work whites farms (slave)

Question 21

Grange 1867

Answer 21

Farmers movement against the high TRANSPORTATION and STORAGE cost that the railroads charged

Question 22

Granger laws

Answer 22

Regulated railroad rates and storage costs (kinda)

Question 23

Farmers alliance

Answer 23

• got federal rr regulations

- started POPULIST PARTY

Question 24

People’s (POPULIST) party 1891

Answer 24

Designed to appeal to all workers

• supported large government role
• more direct democracy

Question 25

Omaha platform 1892

Answer 25

Populist platform - free silver coinage - income taxes - Rr regulations

Question 26

Gold standard

Answer 26

By McKinley - all paper $ backed by us bank - gold reserves

Question 27

Free silver

Answer 27

Movement to us silver to back $ | -not accepted because other countries used silver

Question 28

William Jennings Bryan 1896

Answer 28

3 times presidential candidate | -populist party candidate

Question 29

Old immigrants vs new

Answer 29

Old- northern European Highly skilled English speaking New- southern/eastern Europe Close-knit community Uneducated, poor, unskilled

Question 30

Railroad subsidies

Answer 30

Us gave railroads land surrounding them | - railroads could sell land for profit

Question 31

Morrill land grant acts 1862 + 1890

Answer 31

Sale of public land given to the state - establish school - agricultural colleges

Question 32

Frederick Jackson Turner

Answer 32

Humanity can only progress if there is land to move into.

Question 33

Crazy horse

Answer 33

- Nez Perce leader - gold diggers went on his land - tire do escape to Canada

Question 34

Sitting bull

Answer 34

- souix leader | - forced into Canada

Question 35

Great Sioux Warb1876-1881

Answer 35

Sitting Bull - whites wanted his land - forced him and tribe into Canada

Question 36

Little big horn 1876

Answer 36

Custer vs Sioux | -Custer was killed

Question 37

Chief Joseph

Answer 37

Nez Perce Leader - tired to go to Canada - was forced to return

Question 38

Dawes Severalty act 1887

Answer 38

Attempted to turn Indians white - broke tribes apart and redistributed them - head got 160 acres each

Question 39

Ghost dance

Answer 39

Tired to call past spirits to kill the whites

Question 40

Massacre at wounded knee 1890

Answer 40

Sioux left reservation in protest - us killed 150 Indians - last great conflict

Question 41

Credit mobilier

Answer 41

Union pacific - made its own rr construction company - hired and overplayed itself

Question 42

Tweed ring (Tammany hall)

Answer 42

Gave $, care, jobs, education, representation, friendship to NEW IMMIGRANTS - for: vote and upcoming development info - used info to overcharge projects

Question 43

Mugwumps

Answer 43

Republicans who supported Cleveland (d) | -didn't like corrupt Blaine (r)

Question 44

Pendleton act 1883

Answer 44

Federal employes now selected based on merit (not party) | -civil service commission

Question 45

Interstate compress act 1887

Answer 45

Federal gov can oversee it | -rr must publicize rates and file with the government

Question 46

Chinese exclusion act 1882

Answer 46

No new Chinese laborers into USA (till ww2)

Question 47

American protective association 1887

Answer 47

Anti-immigrants

Question 48

Jim crow laws

Answer 48

Separate but equal | Segregation-------------legal----------------

Question 49

Please vs ferguson 1869

Answer 49

Seperate but equal is ok

Question 50

Gospel of wealth

Answer 50

By Carnegie - social Darwinism - earn your own damn money - build libraries and schools

Question 51

Social Darwinism

Answer 51

1850s Survival of the fittest -work for your own $ -natural selection