Period 4 Test Flashcards
What was so significant about the election of 1800?
It was the first time in democratic history that we have a peaceful change of power.
How were power changes done in traditional Europe?
When the monarch died, the heir took over and is assumed peacefully.
What happens when you change power on different political beliefs?
It usually involves a revolution
How was the 1800 election a revolution?
Because we willingly freely changed political party and power without any war or blood.
Who were the four candidates in the 1800 election?
- Adams
- Jefferson
- Burr
- Pickney
How was Adams’ position in election polling?
He was least of everyone’s worries, everyone knew he would lose, very unlikeable
What was significant about Adams’ loss in the 1800 election?
He was the last major bastion of the Federalist party.
Who was the only major Federalist left after Adams lost the election?
Hamilton
During the 1800 election, what was happening to Hamilton?
His son lost in a duel and was exposed for having an affair.
What was so significant about Hamilton’s affair?
It was the first big publicly exposed sex scandal in American history.
How was Jefferson’s position to win during the election?
He was assumed to win easily
Who did Hamilton back in the 1800 election? Why?
He backed Pickney because he was a Federalist, but disliked Adams, and Pickney was more moderate.
What was Hamilton’s goal in the 1800 election?
Hamilton wanted enough votes for Pickney to keep Adams out of office.
Was Hamilton’s election of 1800 goal met?
No, Pickney did not come close.
Where was some proof shown that Hamilton hated Adams?
He wrote a big journal against him.
What did the election come down to?
A 73-73 tie between Jefferson and Burr in the electoral college.
What was the electoral college process for the 1800 election?
The electors voted for 2 people.
What was the plan for the electors to pick the President?
To rig the election and give Jefferson one more vote.
Did the electors’ rigging plan work?
No, they made a mistake and the tie occurred.
After the electoral tie, where did the election go to?
The House
Who held the house majority during 1800?
Federalists
How long did it take Congress in 1800 to pick a winner?
37 congressional votes
Who won the 1800 election?
Thomas Jefferson
What was the legacy of Jefferson’s first term?
Successful
What major amendment was passed during Jefferson’s first term?
12th Amendment
What did the 12th Amendment do?
It changed the the way we elect Presidents, instead of voting for 2 people per elector, we have separate ballots for President and VP.
How did Burr feel that he was VP?
He was unhappy that he was in second.
What was Burr’s legacy as VP?
He made some errors as VP, such as a duel with Hamilton, killed Hamilton as VP, America disliked him for that.
Did Hamilton expect Burr to actually kill him?
No
After the Hamilton duel, where does Burr go next?
He moves out west near Kentucky and tries to cause disturbances and tries to get Kentucky to secede from America.
What happens to Burr after his actions in Kentucky?
He is arrested for treason.
When is the President elected in 1800 vs. when they were inaugurated in 1801?
President is elected in October, inaugurated in March.
How does incumbent President Adams use his five months as President?
He wants to take advantage of all the time he has left in office to get things done.
Who controlled the new Congress after Jefferson was elected?
DRs
What did Adams do to mainly keep Federalists involved in politics in his last five months?
He picked a ton of Federalists to fill up the Supreme Court and altered the Judiciary Act to do this.
What were Adams’ new justices called in his final months?
Midnight Justices
How many judges does Adams appoint? How did he get this done?
He filled in several dozen slots of the court, it went to the Federalist Congress who passed them.
Who was the Second Chief Justice?
John Marshall Court
What was the importance of the Marshall Court?
They ran for about 20-30 years, and this court was responsible for setting court precedents we have today.
What was the first Marshall Court case?
Marbury v. Madison
When was Marbury v. Madison?
A few years into Jefferson’s first term.
What has Jefferson realize when he is inaugurated?
That Adams has nominated all these judges.
Who was Jefferson’s Secretary of State?
James Madison
What did Jefferson tell Madison about the Midnight Justices?
That they will not be allowed into Jefferson’s administration.
Who responded with what action by Madison trying to remove the Midnight Justices?
Justice Marbury sued Madison
What was the Secretary of State’s job back then?
They worked with more domestic affairs instead of foreign affairs.
How did Madison respond to being sued by Marbury?
He took it to the Marshall Court
What did Jefferson assume of how the court case would be resolved?
They would throw out all of the justices in the court case.
What happened first in the court case?
All the judges are thrown out of the court
What must be given to have all the Midnight Justices thrown out of court?
A reason must be provided
What did Marbury v. Madison rule?
They ruled the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional and implemented judicial review.
What is judicial review?
Where the Court can look at laws and deem them unconstitutional.
How did Jefferson feel about Judicial review?
It frustrated him.
How was Jefferson angry about judicial review?
Before this case, the court was low on the political ladder, but this decision elevated court to have equal power as Congress and the President, which shocked Jefferson.
Who were the Tripoli Pirates?
They were in the Mediterranean Sea above Africa, who raided ships
What was the American issue with the Tripoli Pirates?
If an American ship went to do trade there, the ship would be taken for hostage and raided.
How does Jefferson feel about the Tripoli Pirates? How did he respond?
He was frustrated, so he sent out a few navy ships to the Pasha of Tripoli
What is so ironic of Jefferson’s decision to send navy members to the Tripoli Pirates?
He was a strict Constitutionalist and it was loosely against the Constitution to send ships out without Congressional approval.
What do the naval troops want when they get to the Pasha?
They ask for $60K in extortion money
Does the Pasha comply to the $60K extortion money?
No
How does Jefferson react when the $60K is turned down?
He sends in more military men
When Jefferson sends in our military men, what does the Pasha think?
He realizes our navy would beat them and bailed.
Why was Jefferson successful beating the Tripoli Pirates?
He negotiated well and had to be assertive when he had to be.
Where was Toussaint L’Overture from?
Haiti
What did Toussaint L’Overture do?
He helped lead the big Haitian revolution against France
What were the effects of the Haitian revolution?
- Haiti became free
- it disallowed Napoleon to get Louisiana more easily
- French had no more territory in the Americas
- It allowed for us to get the Louisiana Purchase easier
What part of land became our central port of trade?
The mouth of the Mississippi in the Louisiana Purchase
What controls the entrance to the Mississippi?
New Orleans
What was so significant about New Orleans?
It was a major western trade port for us
Who originally controlled New Orleans? Did they control it well?
Spain had it after the Revolutionary War, and did not control it well.
Who was in charge of France before the Louisiana Purchase?
Napoleon
How did Napoleon feel about Spain having Louisiana? How did he respond to it?
He wanted France to get it back and was trying to rule the world, so he tried to control back Louisiana.
Why did Napoleon feel he could get Louisiana back?
If he can control Europe, he can get Louisiana
How did Jefferson want to get Louisiana?
He wanted Louisiana and surrounding areas and western Florida from Napoleon for $2M
What process does Jefferson do to get Louisiana?
He asks Livingston the French ambassador to ask Talleyrand and tell him the deal would work for him.
Who did Jefferson send over to work out the deal?
James Monroe
What happens to Napoleon when Monroe gets to France?
Napoleon has taken a step back in his conquest of Europe and needs money to keep fighting, as he is low on resources
What was the final deal reached by the US and French called?
The Louisiana Purchase
What were the terms of the Louisiana Purchase?
We would get $15M for the whole west from Louisiana up, which doubled the size of the US.
What was the only problem for Jefferson by signing the Louisiana Purchase?
He did it without Congress’ permission.
Why was Jefferson not getting Congressional approval not a big deal for the Louisiana Purchase?
DRs controlled Congress, so they would have approved it anyways.
Who disliked the Louisiana Purchase? Why?
The Federalists because it would open up things more DRs to come through
Would there ever be a Federalist regime after the Louisiana Purchase?
No
What was so significant about the size of the Louisiana Purchase?
- Great deal, huge land for good money
- doubled the size of the country
- biggest piece of land we would ever add
When was the Louisiana Purchase signed?
1803
Describe Napoleon’s smarts and bad spots.
He was a smart military man, but not as smart for geography and weather features.
What was the peak of Napoleon’s conquest to rule the world?
He knew how to be successful against other European countries.
Where does Napoleon run into a wall? How?
Russia through scorched earth which gave them nothing to control and the cold winter froze his men
After losing in Russia, what happens to him?
He is exiled to Corsica where English have an eye on him.
After being exiled, what eventually happens to him?
He escapes
What was Napoleon’s second crack at the British? How did that go?
It was the Battle of Waterloo, which he lost
After losing Waterloo, what happens to him?
He is exiled again and eventually dies.
Did Napoleon’s death end the French monarchy? Why or why not?
No, more of his cousins would be French monarchs for 5 more times.
After getting the Louisiana Purchase, what does Jefferson do?
He gets Lewis and Clark to explore the new purchase.
Where did Lewis and Clark’s journey go from?
From Missouri to the western US to the ocean.
How much did Jefferson pay Lewis and Clark to go on the quest?
$2500
Why did Jefferson send Lewis and Clark?
- to check out the resources in our new land
- we knew there was an ocean there, just did not know how far
- conduct science experiments for the area
- make maps of the area
Who did Lewis and Clark meet out west?
Sacagawea
Describe Sacagawea and her role in the Lewis and Clark expedition.
Native American woman, spoke many languages, was their guide, tried to make nice with the natives, did not want harsh relations with them.
How long is Lewis and Clark’s journey?
3 years
Where do Lewis and Clark trek through?
Northern US over rockies to the west.
What was the significance of Lewis and Clark’s journey?
- It opens up western front for people to possibly move to
- first time getting to pacific ocean as the USA
What was the issue with the western front being open and people possibly moving?
There is unknown relations with natives and lots of negotiations had to be done.
What was the main effect of the Hamilton/Butt duel?
We lost the biggest Federalist personality at the duel, as he was shot in the side.
What do Lewis and Clark report about after their quest?
Wildlife, weather, and environment
Why was Jefferson’s second term a failure?
British caused issues with impressing our sailors into service.
How did the British carry out impressment in America?
If you were a sailor and they thought you were British citizen, you would be put on the British ships.
Were British impressers right or wrong about the impressment?
They were sometimes right, but mostly wrong about picking British citizens.
What was the theory of the British carrying out impressment?
Once a Brit, always a Brit.
What three issues still occurred that helped start provoke the conflicts of the war of 1812?
- impressment
- British not leaving western forts
- using native propaganda against us
What big trade acts did Jefferson pass?
- Embargo Act
- Non-Importation Act
What was the Embargo Act?
We traded with nobody, we are done trading, any foreign ship with our ports cannot leave with American goods on our ports.
What was the problem with the Embargo Act?
It was at the hight of the market revolution, and Jefferson would not let us import from our ships in other countries.
What caused Jefferson to pass the Non-Importation Act?
He realized no trading was a problem and realized we needed to boom our economy with trading.
What did the Non-Importation Act do?
It opened up trade to all countries besides France and Britain.
How did Framce and Britain respond to the Non-Importation Act?
They were both angry about it.
What was the problem with the Non-Importation Act?
Britain and France were our two biggest trading partners.
Who won the election of 1808?
James Madison
Did Jefferson follow Washington’s 8 years precedent?
Yes
Why did Jefferson only serve 8 years as President?
He was tired of the job and his second term was a failure, he goes back to Monticello.
Why was Madison’s election win so big?
He was Secretary of State, showing it was a springboard to the Presidency.
What party is Madison?
DR
How did Madison utilize his political party as President?
- Congress was majority DR
- disliked Hamilton and Federalists
- all control is with the DRs
What major bill did Madison pass as President?
Macon’s Bill #2
Who was Macon?
A Congressman
What did Macon’s Bill #2 do?
It banned France and Britain from seizing our vessels.
How did Napoleon want to re-establish a connection in America?
During his rule of Europe, he repealed two European Acts
What was Napoleon really trying to do to Madison?
He hoodwinked him by trying to butter him up.
How did Napoleon play Madison well?
We open trade with France again
How did Britain respond to the open trade with France?
They are angry and open up a war threat.
What did Britain’s war threat lead to?
1812 War
How do some American Congressmen feel about the British war threat?
Most are war hawks and want war against Britain.
Who is the Congressional leader of the war hawks before 1812?
Henry Clay
Where was Henry Clay from?
Kentucky
Describe Henry Clay.
- champions hard for war vs. Britain
- ran for President many times
What native issue does Madison mainly deal with?
Tecumseh and Prophet
Who are Tecumseh and prophet?
Two well-regarded natives in western part of the states, like Tennessee.
What did Tecumseh and Prophet do that was a problem for Madison?
They decided to unify many native tribes and put them against the US government.
How does Madison respond to Tecumseh and Prophet?
Madison orders troops to put them down.
Who led the troops to take town Tecumseh and Prophet?
William Henry Harrison
What was the battle with Tecumseh and Prophet called?
Tippecanoe
What was Harrison’s nickname?
Old Tippecanoe
How long would Harrison be President? Why?
He was President for 30 days, as he died from pneumonia.
What happened at the Battle of Tippecanoe?
Harrison puts the troops down and the natives have to stop and go back, we hold them off.
Who was another 1812 general who would later become President?
Andrew Jackson
Describe Jackson’s appearance.
Young general, very tall and skinny man.
Describe Jackson’s background.
Born into a broken family, goes off to join the army for a bit of money and food.
Who was Jackson known for fighting against?
Fighting against the natives
Where was Jackson sent to for the 1812 war?
Sent not only to the Battle of Horseshoe Bend, but sent to Florida
Why was Jackson sent to Florida?
Many natives there who would run out of Florida and attack places in Georgia and run back to ravage the settlers, he was sent to Florida to get after them.
Does Jackson achieve goal of beating the natives in Florida?
Yes, but he killed two British generals.
Was Jackson given strict orders in Florida?
Yes
Did Jackson follow the strict orders? How did people respond?
No, Madison and many officials wanted to make punishments or even hang him.
Does Jackson wind up with any punishment?
No
What else did Jackson do in 1812?
He winds up killing some British commanders, had to negotiate his way out of that, would win Battle of New Orleans.
What was significant about the Battle of New Orleans?
It was the final battle of the war.
Why did the war of 1812 start?
We were re angry with British as far as impressment, Indian relations, western forts on our land.
Why was France happy that we went to war with Britain?
Because it distracted Britain from Napoleonic wars.
How did the British fare on American land in the war?
They send over fleets of soldiers, land in Eastern US, do not get anywhere other than Washington and Baltimore.
Who was the top naval sailor in 1812?
Oliver Hazard Perry
Describe Perry’s role in the 1812 war.
He would do lots of hit and run tactics against the British, turns into a pirate, hits British navy hard at sea
Where do the British first land in the US in the 1812 war?
The Chesapeake Bay
What city do the British attack first in 1812?
Washington
How do the British attack Washington?
They burn Capitol, set fire to Treasury and White House
Where do the British troops head second?
Baltimore
What Fort did we have in Baltimore?
Fort McHenry
What did we do to the British at Fort McHenry?
We were able to bombast the British Navy as they came into Baltimore.
What other significant event happened at Fort McHenry?
Francis Scott Key, a ship prisoner wrote the words that would become the National Anthem.
What is Key doing when he wrote his poem?
He is a ship prisoner stuck on a ship, while bombs are going off over him.
What did we hide during the 1812 war?
- American flag from Revolution
- Liberty Bell
What essentially ended the 1812 war?
- New Orleans
- We pushed the British out of the Chesapeake and New England
What was New Orleans’ status during the 1812 war?
The UK held it as a fort
How did Jackson respond to New Orleans?
He marched to New Orleans and meets British south of New Orleans, battles and defeats 2000 troops, while we only lost 12.
What treaty ended the war of 1812?
Treaty of Ghent
Where was the Treaty of Ghent signed?
Belgium
What did the Treaty of Ghent do?
It solidified boundaries and kept our freedom, kept natives out of British propaganda against us, deemed impressment as no good
What was another name for the war of 1812?
Second War for Independence
Why was it called the Second War for Independence?
It was where we solidified independence, we would fight and die for our freedom.
Did Jackson know the treaty had been signed before fighting in New Orleans?
No
Was Ghent signed before New Orleans?
Yes, but we did not know yet.
What were the social effects of this war?
- New Era of Nationalism
- A new American character slowly emerged
- the war set us up as a country
- we showed we had to be taken seriously
How did we show we had to be taken seriously as a country?
We beat a European superpower in two wars and we showed a new country can defend its freedom and will fight for it.
Describe how people felt during the New Era of Nationalism.
- people are proud to be Americans
- we were united in defeat of enemy
- we were markedly different from predecessors, and started new trends
- we united in a republican government, which was unique in the western world.
What was the major ship we had in 1812?
Old Ironsides
What was Old Ironsides?
A wooden vessel covered in thin iron plate.
Why was Old Ironsides covered in iron plate?
People were thinking it would keep a cannonball from hitting it.
What were the effects of covering Old Ironsides in iron plate?
They did not account that iron made ship heavier, which changed its buoyancy, which lowered it in the water some.
What was the Market Revolution?
It was during the Nationalist Era, which was our time to demonstrate to buy and sell stuff freely.
What was the Industrial Revolution?
It was about making stuff through free manufacturing and trade.
Where did the market and industrial revolutions take place in?
- Market was in US
- Industrial started in Europe and spread to the US
After the war of 1812, who emerges in Congress?
John C. Calhoun
Describe Calhoun.
He was a Senator, VP who would resign, very racist slaveholder from South Carolina
What did Calhoun believe in?
- the south’s right to hold slaves and that the federal government and north cannot hold that right against them
- federal government should get out of state activity
What was significant about Calhoun’s platform of anti-government in slavery?
He was the first prominent person in south that says they should secede, as he somewhat believes in leaving.
When did Calhoun die?
Just before the Civil War
When was Calhoun expressing how he felt about slavery in government?
1830s and 1840s
What major federal policy did Calhoun dislike?
tariffs
Why were tariffs bad for the south?
The south did not have northern manufacturing areas
What are tariffs?
Taxes on imported manufactured goods.
When were tariffs so big? Why?
They were big in 1800s because manufacturing was growing in New England and they traded with many people.
What was the peak of US-European trading?
In 1815, when both the 1812 War and French Revolution were over.
Why did New England need the tariffs?
For protection of their goods
What was the south’s way to make money?
cash crops
Why were tariffs an issue for the south in terms of buying things?
If the south bought cheaper brand from England, they would pay more because of the tariff, while the more expensive kind would be cheaper made domestically.
How did the tariffs go in the US for each side economically?
- north needed the help for their factories
- south had a lose-lose situation to buy things
Who was Daniel Webster?
He was from New Hampshire, who was against John Calhoun’s beliefs that tariffs are bad.
What did Webster believe about tariffs in the north?
The tariffs would protect New England, wanted to protect the local manufacturers with the tariffs.
Why did Webster favor tariffs?
In New Hampshire, Portsmouth beach is responsible for a big port of trade in New England and that had to be protected for the American manufacturers.
Describe Henry Clay.
He was from Kentucky, western man, a desire for power
When was Clay first elected to Congress? What happens to him when he is first elected?
After 1812, he is voted to the House, and on his first day of Freshman term, he is elected Speaker of the House.
When did Clay come to real prominence in government?
The 1820s, when he runs for President
How many times did Clay run for President? Did he ever win?
He ran four times, from the 1820s to late 1840s and never won the Presidency.
What political party did Clay essentially create?
The Whig Party
What group of people did the Whigs come from?
The demise of the Federalists, as the Federalists were gone after 1812, no Federalist ticket ever again after the war.
When the Treaty of Ghent is coming back to Washington, what are some people doing?
A group from Connecticut marches to Washington.
Why did this group from CT march to Washington?
They said that government is not following Constitutional laws they made previously by signing the Treaty of Ghent
What happens when the CT group gets to Washington?
The treaty of Ghent is there when they arrive.
When the people from CT see the Treaty, what do they think?
The delegation thinks government won’t listen to them and turn back to CT.
Why was this CT march important?
It was essentially the death of the Federalist party
Why was the Federalist party essentially dead after the CT march?
They were blamed for this as people thought federalists were behind this.
Why were people nervous about the Federalists possibly being behind this march?
People were nervous that they wanted to change government
What party came along after this death of the Federalists?
The Whigs
What historically were the Whigs?
A British party that was pro-American in the revolution wanted for us to have Independence, positive name to take on.
What system did Henry Clay create?
American System
What was the goal of the American System?
To connect through America in any way we can.
How did Clay hope to connect America in his plan?
Do it through roads and rail.
What was Clay’s first method of roads for the American System?
They started building corduroy roads
How were corduroy roads built?
With small branches of trees or saplings.
How would you ride on a corduroy road?
The buggy or horse would ride over them and follow them, they were easy to navigate.
What else did Clay try to implement in the American System?
turnpikes
What was the first turnpike?
Pennsylvania
Where did the PA Turnpike go to?
It connected Philadelphia and Harrisburg
Why was it called a turnpike?
When you paid a toll, the pike would turn and you could come through.
What was the first public university in America?
North Carolina
Who is President after Madison?
James Monroe
When did Monroe serve as President?
1816-1824
What was the name of the time Monroe served as President
Era of Good Feeling
Describe the Era of Good Feeling.
Everyone was united after 1812 and political parties stepped aside, no division or fighting, no crazy political parties.
When did the Era of Good Feeling end?
After Monroe’s Presidency.
Describe Monroe’s background.
Fairly easy to get along with, former Secretary of State.
What was Monroe’s biggest accomplishment?
Monroe Doctrine
What economic issue happened during Monroe’s Presidency?
Panic of 1819
What was the panic of 1819 caused by?
over-speculation in cash investments
What is over-speculation?
When you invest more money in something than it is actually worth
What was the 1819 over-speculation about?
People spent too much money in gold and silver to buy money from US government.
What are other names for an economic panic?
- depression
- recession
What were the results of the Panic of 1819?
There were more people who are unemployed and broke and government is trying to scramble and figure out what happened.
What was the only hiccup in Monroe’s Presidency?
Panic of 1819
Did the government eventually fix the economic panic of 1819?
Yes, as the panic was not as bad as people thought.
What was the backbone of southern economics?
slavery
When was the slave trade over? Why?
1808-1810, we had enough slaves as our slaves’ population was the only population that was self-propagated.
What did it mean for our slave population to be self-propagated?
The slaves had enough kids to keep slavery going without importing more.
What was slavery a powerful force for?
It was the southern economic necessity for their cash crops.
What took place after the slave trade to get more slaves?
slave auctions
Where did slave auctions take place?
major cities
Where was the biggest slave auction at?
Washington, DC
What did the slave auctions mean?
you could still buy and sell slaves in the south
What did people do in slave auctions?
You put slaves you no longer needed or ones you wanted up for auction and buy and sell them to other slave owners.
What group were the most valuable slaves?
young men about 15-22 years old
What group were the least valuable slaves?
older women
What gender was put higher in value for slaves?
Male slaves had more value than women.
What problem was happening with slavery in the 1820s?
Many escaping slaves were leaving the south by the thousands to freedom in the north.
How did northerners feel about fugitive slaves?
Northerners were torn about returning them to help the south or keeping them to freedom up north.
What did each plantation have for its group of slaves? Why?
It had an older man for a calming effect for young people who could be more rebellious, also used as a voice for women.
What did the large number of fugitive slaves mean for the south’s economy?
It could be an economic backbreaker if they did not do something about it.
What was the conflict before the Missouri Compromise?
The issue of the territory of Missouri and it coming into the Union.
Describe how the Missouri conflict was a massively debated topic.
Missouri wanted to be part of the Union, but it is part of Louisiana Purchase, outside NW Ordinance boundaries, torn if they were to be slave or no-slave state.
How did Congress feel about Missouri’s conflict?
They debated it heavily.
What is created by Congress to solve the Missouri issue? When is it passed?
The Missouri Compromise in 1820
Who helped create the Missouri Compromise?
Henry Clay
What were the terms of the Missouri Compromise?
- Missouri joins the union as a slave state
- Maine joins the union as a free state
Why was Missouri eventually chosen to be a slave state?
It said in their state Constitution they wanted slavery when they applied for statehood
How did the Northern Congress feel about Missouri being a slave state?
They were angry about it and wanted Missouri to be a non-slave state.
What was the motive for bringing in Maine as a free state?
- By adding two states, the Senate would be equally divided in slave vs. no slave states
- Maine was close enough to applying for statehood.
Who in Congress massively debated the Missouri Compromise?
- Webster
- Clay
- Calhoun
When and where was Fletcher v. Peck?
1810, in Georgia
Describe the background of Fletcher v. Peck.
The old Georgia legislature sold land to investors, but years later there is an election and the legislature changed. The new legislature tried to reverse the law.
What was the ruling in Fletcher v. Peck?
Because the law was a contract law, it was signed and agreement was made. Just because you changed electors, you cannot change the deal, new legislators must respect old policies.
When and where was Dartmouth v. Woodward?
1819 in New Hampshire
Describe the background leading up to Dartmouth v. Woodward.
Dartmouth was founded as private school, and NH elects new delegates, they want Dartmouth to be public school and change their charter.
How did Dartmouth feel about the NH delegates trying to make them public?
They disliked the idea and wanted to stay private and took it to court.
What was ruled in Dartmouth v. Woodward?
The school’s contract and charter was setup as private school, they needed mutual agreement to be public, Dartmouth wanted to be private, so they could not change status.
When was Martin v. Hunter’s Lessee?
1816
Where was Martin v. Hunter’s Lessee held?
Virginia
What did Martin v. Hunter’s Lessee deal with?
It deals with land sales and who can sell what.
