Period 4: Chapter 11

Question 1

Election of 1800
Adams vs. Jefferson

Answer 1

D-R published an anti-Adams pamphlet
- Written by Hamilton and split Fed party

Feds politicized Jeff and Sally H’s relationship

Jeff won by 8 electoral votes - peaceful transfer of power

Question 2

Jeffersonian Republic

Answer 2

“We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists”

Some hypocritical policies

He kept a lot of Hamilton’s economic policy

Question 3

Who was Thomas Jefferson’s Secretary of State?

Answer 3

James Madison

Question 4

Court packing

Answer 4

The idea of adding justices to the Supreme Court or lower courts to shift the balance in a liberal, conservative or other direction (agree with the president)

Question 5

Why did Britain not put effort into the War of 1812?

Answer 5

Similar to the American Revolution

They were busy with war in Europe

They thought they could easily defeat the Americans - Still viewed them as colonies even though there was the Treaty of Paris

Question 6

Judiciary Act of 1801

Answer 6

Increased the number of federal judges
- First “court packing”

Jefferson removed the midnight judges

Question 7

Judicial review

Answer 7

Determine the constitutionality of law (97% of what the Supreme Court does)

Question 8

Marbury vs. Madison

Answer 8

John Adams issued William Marbury a commission as justice of the peace (midnight justice)

James Madison (Secretary of State) refused to deliver it

Marbury sued in order to obtain it

Decided that Madison’s refusal was illegal but did not make Madison give Marbury the commission

Question 9

Results of Marbury vs. Madison (1803)

Answer 9

Established principle of judicial review

American courts have the power to strike down laws and statutes they find to violate the Constitution

Completed the system of checks and balances - established Supreme Court power

Question 10

Jefferson foreign policy

Answer 10

Reduced the size of the military

Was forced to send the Navy to Tripoli to protect shippers from pirates

Question 11

First Barbary War aka Tripolitan War

Answer 11

America refused to continue payment of tribute to the piratical rulers

Question 12

Louisiana Purchase (1803)

Answer 12

Thomas Jefferson (a strict constructionist) wanted to purchase New Orleans from the French

Napoleon offered all of Louisiana for $15 million, doubled the size of America

Jefferson switched from strict to loose interpretation

Question 13

Why was Jefferson conflicted about the Louisiana Purchase?

Answer 13

He was a strict constructionist

There was nothing in the Constitution about purchasing more land

Question 14

What happened when Hamilton exposed Burr’s secession plot?

Answer 14

Burr killed Hamilton in a duel (1804)

Federalist downfall (official end was in 1816)

Question 15

Chesapeake incident (1807)

Answer 15

Brought on a war crisis when the British warship Leopard attacked the American warship Chesapeake

Heightened tensions

Question 16

How was the United States dragged into war with Britain and France again?

Answer 16

Seized merchant ships and impressment

Question 17

Embargo Act (1807)

Answer 17

Halted all exports in response to European aggression

Britain and France relied on the U.S. for raw materials

U.S. economy suffered which angered Americans

Question 18

Non-intercourse Act (1808)

Answer 18

Reopened trade with all countries except Britain and France

Was ineffective and contributed to the War of 1812

Question 19

Macon’s Bill (1810)

Answer 19

The Embargo Act would be lifted on Britain and France if they stopped confiscating and impressing

Whoever did it first

Question 20

War Hawks

Answer 20

Young, energetic politicians, mostly from the South and the West

They wanted to fight

Question 21

Battle of Tippecanoe

Answer 21

Harrison (9th president) attacked Tecumseh’s confederacy and won

Became national hero

Question 22

What changed in the United States because of the War of 1812?

Answer 22

Nothing really changed after the War of 1812

However, had the U.S. lost they would be back to being British colonists

Asserted U.S. strength and unity