Period 3 and their Oxides Flashcards
1
Q
Trend in Melting Point
A
Increases up to silicon then decreases
2
Q
Trend in Boiling Point
A
Increases up to aluminium then decreases
3
Q
Trend in Atomic Radius
A
- Decreases
- Nuclear Charge increases
- Shielding stays the same
- Outer electrons are pulled closer to the positive nucleus due to stronger attraction
4
Q
Trend in 1st Ionisation energy
A
- Generally increases
- Exception 1: Mg to Al (the electron being removed from Al is in a higher energy orbital)
- Exception 2: P to S (repulsion between electron pair in orbital so its easier to remove)
- Nuclear charge increases, shielding stays the same
5
Q
Trend in Bonding Type
A
- Na, Mg, Al: Metallic Bonding
- Silicon: Covalent Bonding (metalloid, giant covalent structure)
- P, S, Cl: Covalent Bonding (non metals, simple covalent structure)
6
Q
What are all the reactions in Period 3 examples of?
A
Redox Reactions
7
Q
Reaction of Sodium and Water and Observations
A
- 2Na(s) + 2H₂O(l) –> 2NaOH(aq) + H₂(g)
- Vigourous reaction
- Floats on water
- Fizzing
- Melting due to heat energy released
8
Q
Is the solution formed from the reaction of odium and water acidic or alkaline?
A
Strongly Alkaline (13-14)
9
Q
Reaction of Magnesium and Water and Observations
A
- Mg(s) + 2H₂O(l) –> Mg(OH)₂(aq) + H₂(g)
- Very slow reaction
- A few H₂ gas bubbles form after a few days
10
Q
Is the solution formed from the reaction of magnesium and water acidic or alkaline?
A
Less alkaline than sodium and water reaction (9-10)
11
Q
Reaction of Magnesium and Steam and Observations
A
- Mg(s) + H₂O(g) –> MgO(s) + H₂(g)
- Much more vigourous
- MgO precipitate forms
12
Q
Reaction of Sodium and Oxygen
A
- 2Na(s) + ½O₂(g) –> Na₂O(s)
- Very spontaneous reaction
- Yellow/Orange Flame
- White precipitate forms
13
Q
Reaction of Magnesium and Oxygen
A
- 2Mg(s) + O₂(g) –> 2MgO(s)
- Very spontaneous reaction
- Bright White Flame
- White precipitate forms
14
Q
Reaction of Aluminium and Oxygen
A
- 4Al(s) + 3O₂(g) –> 2Al₂O₃(s)
- Quite spontaneous reaction
- Bright White flame
- White precipitate forms
