Group 7 - Halogens Flashcards
1
Q
Physical Properties of Halogens
A
- F₂ and Cl₂ are gases at room temperature (F₂ is a pale yellow gas and Cl₂ is a greenish gas
- Bromine is a red-brown liquid at room temperature
- Iodine is a black solid at room temperature
- All halogens have the characteristic ‘swimming pool’ smell
2
Q
Atomic Radius Down Group 7
A
- Increases
- Nuclear charge increases
- Shielding increases
- Weaker attraction between the nucleus and the outer shell electrons
3
Q
Electronegativity Down Group 7
A
- Decreases
- Nuclear charge increases
- Shielding increases
- Less attraction between the nucleus and the bonding pair of electrons
4
Q
Melting and Boiling Points Down Group 7
A
- Increases
- More electrons means stronger van der waals forces
5
Q
Oxidising Ability of Halogens Down Group 7
A
- Decreases
- Fluorine is the strongest oxidising agent
- This is because it has the highest electronegativity so it can easily gain electrons
6
Q
Reducing Ability of Halide Ions Down Group 7
A
- Increases
- Fluoride Ions are the weakest reducing agent
7
Q
Displacement Reactions
A
When a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element within a compound during a chemical reaction
8
Q
Sodium Chloride and Sulfuric Acid Reaction
A
- Sodium Chloride + Sulfuric Acid –> Sodium Hydrogensulfate + HCL gas
- NaCl(s) + H₂ SO₄(l) –> Na₂ HSO₄(s) + HCL(g)
9
Q
Sodium Bromide and Sulfuric Acid Reaction
A
- Sodium Bromide + Sulfuric Acid –> Sodium Hydrogensulfate + HBr gas
- NaBr(s) + H₂ SO₄ –> Na₂ HSO₄(s) + HBr(g)
- Br is a better reducing agent than Cl so HBr separates into ions and reduces H₂ SO₄ into SO₂
- 2H+ + 2Br- + H₂SO₄(l) –> SO +
