Kinetics

Question 1

Collision Theory

Answer 1

• For a reaction between particles to happen, they must collide with enough energy to break bonds
• This collision must happen with the particles in the correct orientation

Question 2

Factors that impact rate of reaction

Answer 2

• Temperature
• Concentration
• Pressure
• Surface Area
• (Presence of) Catalysts

Question 3

Impact of Temperature on Rate of Reaction

Answer 3

• Higher temperature increases the rate of reaction
• Kinetic energy of particles increases so they move faster
• More frequent collisions
• More successful collisions
• More particles have the required amount of energy to react when they do collide

Question 4

Impact of Concentration on Rate of Reaction

Answer 4

• Increase in concentration increases rate of reaction
• More particles in a given volume
• More frequent collisions
• More successful collisions
• As the reaction goes on, the reactants are used up and rate of reaction decreases

Question 5

Impact of Pressure on Rate of Reaction

Answer 5

• Increase in pressure increases rate of reaction
• More particles in a given volume (volume changes this time, not amount of particles)
• More frequent collisions
• More successful collisions

Question 6

Impact of Surface Area on Rate of Reaction

Answer 6

• Increase in surface area (of a solid) increases rate of reaction (with a liquid or gas)
• Making a solid a powder increases rate of reaction

Question 7

Impact of Catalysts on Rate of Reaction

Answer 7

• Increases rate of reaction
• Lowers the activation energy when particles collide
• Does this by providing an alternative reaction pathway

Question 8

Activation Energy

Answer 8

The minimum amount of energy by a particle to start breaking bonds

Question 9

Do any particles ever have 0 energy?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

What type of energies do most particles have?

Answer 10

Intermediate energies - around the peak of the curve

Question 11

Average Energy

Answer 11

The mean energy of the particles

Question 12

Most Probable Energy

Answer 12

The energy which most of the particles will have

Question 13

Transition State

Answer 13

Stage during the reaction at which chemical bonds are partially broken and formed

Question 14

What happens to the Maxwell Boltzmann distribution at a higher temperature?

Answer 14

• The shape of the graph changes
• The peak of the graph is lower and shifted to the right
• This is because the kinetic energy of all of the particles would have increased and more particles would have more energy

Question 15

What happens to the Maxwell Boltzmann curve at a lower temperature?

Answer 15

• The shape of the graph changes
• The peak of the graph is higher and shifted to the left
• This is because the kinetic energy of all the particles would have decreased and less of the particles would have more energy