Period 2 Vocab P.2

Question 1

Carrack

Answer 1

A large, multi-decked sailing ship that was prominent in European naval fleets during the 14th to 17th centuries, used for long voyages and transporting a lot of cargo

AP World History Modern Essential Vocabulary, Period 2

Question 2

Fluyt

Answer 2

Late 16th c. Dutch cargo vessel designed for maximum cargo capacity and efficiency, commonly used by Dutch in exploration and trade.

AP World History Modern Essential Vocabulary, Period 2

Question 3

Trading-post empire

Answer 3

An empire that establishes and maintains dominance over trade routes based on small trading outposts, rather than control of large territories

AP World History Modern Essential Vocabulary, Period 2

Question 4

Northwest Passage

Answer 4

England, France, and the Netherlands all sought to find this northern maritime route to Asia. However, the search was unsuccessful, as the only northern maritime route that goes across North America borders the Arctic and is therefore not an efficient searoute

AP World History Modern Essential Vocabulary, Period 2

Question 5

Eastern Hemisphere

Answer 5

The half of the earth which is east of the prime meridian, including Afro-Eurasia

AP World History Modern Essential Vocabulary, Period 2

Question 6

Western Hemisphere

Answer 6

The half of the earth which lies west of the prime meridian, which includes the Americas

AP World History Modern Essential Vocabulary, Period 2

Question 7

Maritime Empire

Answer 7

Empires that span across oceans; colonial empires

AP World History Modern Essential Vocabulary, Period 2

Question 8

Isolationist

Answer 8

Policy of avoiding involvement in the affairs or conflicts of other countries.

AP World History Modern Essential Vocabulary, Period 2

Question 9

Coerced labor

Answer 9

Labor that is gained through use of force or coercion

AP World History Modern Essential Vocabulary, Period 2

Question 10

Chattel slavery

Answer 10

Slaves that were considered the property of slave owners and their children also were born into a status as slaves. This system of slavery developed during the 15th and 16th centuries as a result of the Transatlantic Slave Trade

AP World History Modern Essential Vocabulary, Period 2

Question 11

Indentured servitude

Answer 11

A worker bound by a voluntary agreement (though often gained through coercion and deception) to work for a specified period of years often in return for free passage to an overseas destination.

AP World History Modern Essential Vocabulary, Period 2

Question 12

Encomienda system

Answer 12

A feudal system carried out by the Spanish monarchy in the Americas. While the Spanish monarchs claimed ownership of the land, they granted conquistadors the right to manage the land and to demand labor of native peoples in the mines and fields.

AP World History Modern Essential Vocabulary, Period 2

Question 13

Hacienda system

Answer 13

A Spanish system that over time replaced the Encomienda system -large agricultural estates owned by wealthy colonial landowners in the Americas and were worked by native populations who were coerced into indentured servitude

AP World History Modern Essential Vocabulary, Period 2

Question 14

Mercantilism

Answer 14

A nationalistic economic policy implemented by European colonizing countries in the 1450-1750 era of colonialism. It was designed to maximize exports (especially of manufactured goods) and import of raw goods (from colonies.) Trade is heavily controlled by the government in order to ensure highest profits for the colonizing country

AP World History Modern Essential Vocabulary, Period 2

Question 15

Joint-stock company

Answer 15

A company owned by shareholders (investors); a precursor to the stock market

AP World History Modern Essential Vocabulary, Period 2

Question 16

Transatlantic slave trade

Answer 16

Global trade of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas

AP World History Modern Essential Vocabulary, Period 2