Period 1 (A)

Question 1

Vedic Age (Period 1)

Answer 1

A period in the history of India; It was a period of transition from nomadic pastoralism to settled village communities, with cattle the major form of wealth.

Question 2

Hebrews (Period 1)

Answer 2

the ethnic group claiming descent from Abraham and Isaac (especially from Isaac’s son Jacob)

Question 3

Assyrian Empire (Period 1)

Answer 3

this empire covered much of what is now Mesopotamia, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and Anatolia; its height was during the seventh and eighth centuries BCE

Question 4

Homo sapiens (Period 1)

Answer 4

modern humans, emerged 100,000-200,000 years ago, neanderthal is the earliest variant, Cromagon is more advanced.

Question 5

Hominids (Period 1)

Answer 5

appeared 3-4 million years ago in southern and eastern Africa, human like creatures called primates, Mary and Louis Leakey found fossils in Great Rift Valley, Lucy an Australopithecine fossil, found in 1974.

Question 6

Patriarchal Society (Period 1)

Answer 6

society in which men rule their families, and people trace their origins through male ancestors

Question 7

Mandate of Heaven (Period 1)

Answer 7

a political theory of ancient China in which those in power were given the right to rule from a divine source

Question 8

Nile River Civilization (Period 1)

Answer 8

Egypt and Sudan; fertile land and ruled by pharaohs or god-kings under a polytheistic belief

Question 9

Neolithic Era(Culture) (Period 1)

Answer 9

agriculture allowed for a food surplus, which in turn led to an increase in population, Jericho was the first Neolithic Village, early industries developed in pottery, metallurgy, and textiles.

Question 10

Caste System (Period 1)

Answer 10

a set of rigid social categories that determined not only a person’s occupation and economic potential, but also his or her position in society

Question 11

Hammurabi’s Code (Period 1)

Answer 11

a set of 282 laws that dealt with almost every part of daily life

Question 12

Iron Metallurgy (Period 1)

Answer 12

Extraction of iron from its ores. allowed for cheaper stronger production of weapons and tools. More abundant than tin and copper

Question 13

Indo-European languages (Period 1)

Answer 13

a family (or phylum) of several hundred related languages and dialects,[1] including most major languages of Europe, Iran, and northern India, and historically also predominant in Anatolia and Central Asia.

Question 14

Shang Dynasty (Period 1)

Answer 14

Second Chinese dynasty (about 1750-1122 B.C.) which was mostly a farming society ruled by an aristocracy mostly concerned with war. They’re best remembered for their art of bronze casting.

Question 15

Mesopotamia (Period 1)

Answer 15

the land between the rivers, Tigris and Euphrates, on the Eastern part of the Fertile Crescent

Question 16

Aryans (Period 1)

Answer 16

nomads from Europe and Asia who migrated to India and finally settled; vedas from this time suggest beginning of caste system

Question 17

Indus River Civilization (Period 1)

Answer 17

(c. 3300-1700 BCE, flourished 2600-1900 BCE), was an ancient civilization that flourished in the Indus and Ghaggar-Hakra river valleys primarily in what is now Pakistan and western India, parts of Afghanistan and Turkmenistan; major cities were Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro

Question 18

Bantu Migrations (Period 1)

Answer 18

movement of Africans across the continent of Africa, each village was ruled by a council.

Question 19

Phoenicians (Period 1)

Answer 19

located on eastern Mediterranean coast; invented the alphabet which used sounds rather than symbols like cuneiform

Question 20

Zhou Dynasty (Period 1)

Answer 20

the longest lasting Chinese dynasty, during which the use of iron was introduced.

Question 21

Neolithic Era(Origins) (Period 1)

Answer 21

10,000 and 8,000 BCE, called new stone age, domestication if animals and crops, slash and burn

Question 22

Bronze Age (Period 1)

Answer 22

metallurgy originated with the use of copper in the neolithic era

Question 23

Farming and Irrigation (Period 1)

Answer 23

Using water to help farm more efficiently Started in the middle east to china

Question 24

Inter regional Trade Between Mesopotamia and Egypt

Answer 24

specialized labor, natural resources, wood.

Question 25

Hittites (Period 1)

Answer 25

A people from central Anatolia who established an empire in Anatolia and Syria in the Late Bronze Age. With wealth from the trade in metals and military power based on chariot forces, they vied with New Kingdom Egypt over Syria.

Question 26

Silk Production (Period 1)

Answer 26

A Chinese invention that became a luxury product in high demand, which was a valuable good for Chinese trade on the Silk Road

Question 27

Olmecs (Period 1)

Answer 27

(1400 B.C.E. to 500 B.C.E.) earliest known Mexican civilization,lived in rainforests along the Gulf of Mexico, developed calendar and constructed public buildings and temples, carried on trade with other groups.priests/aristocrats were at the top of society, built a ceremonial center, wroshiped the jaguar and werejaguar, best remains are the stone carved heads at la venta, use of calendar, spread through trade, known for art, most important legacy was priestly leadership and devotion

Question 28

Yellow River Civilization - Xia Dynasty (Period 1)

Answer 28

Huang He means Yellow River and refers to the light-colored loess soil that it picks up and deposits on the riverbank.
Unpredictable flooding led to its nickname, China’’s Sorrow.
Regular rains and fertile soil eliminated the need for an extensive irrigation system and, instead, water-control systems were developed.
Xia dynasty first attempted to organize public life on a large scale - it established the precedent for hereditary monarchical rule in China.
Legendary founder, Yu, initiated flood-control projects, organized large-scale public works, and set up formal government.

Question 29

Pastoral Society (Period 1)

Answer 29

typically nomadic, focused on herds, not as high as agriculture but higher than hunters and gathers, various societies developed through Afro-Eurasia depending on local plants and animals, created a problem with overgrazing which caused some erosion.

Question 30

Origins of Writing (Period 1)

Answer 30

Cuneiform, the earliest known writing, originated in Mesopotamia.
• Record keeping for trade purposes became necessary as society became increasingly more complex.
• Sumerians developed a writing system based on pictures (pictographs) in which symbols were made on wet clay and then baked.
• Egyptians developed hieroglyphs—symbols that represent sounds and ideas.
• One example of job specialization was the scribe, who prepared legal and other documents (developed as an occupation).

Question 31

Chavin (Period 1)

Answer 31

the first major South American civilization, which flourished in the highlands of what is now Peru from about 900 to 200 B.C.

Question 32

Paleolithic Era (Old Stone Age) (Period 1)

Answer 32

predates agricultural societies, extended families grew into clans, turned into tribes with chiefs and leaders, organized warfare with advanced weapons, ability to control fire, worship of deities, expression through art and music.