Period 1 (1491-1607) Vocab

Question 1

Three-Sister Farming

Answer 1

Farming of maize (corn), squash, and beans on the same field. Allowed the processes of crop rotation to occur without the need for crop rotation.

Question 2

Encomienda (Approx. 1502)

Answer 2

A decree that allowed the Spanish government to give Native Americans to colonists if they promised to “Christianize” them. Encourages the use of Native Americans as slaves.

Question 3

Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)

Answer 3

A treaty between Spain and Portugal to split up the “New World.”

Question 4

Casta System

Answer 4

A caste system that divided people into social classes based on race. Spaniards were at the top of the pyramid, and Native Americans and Africans were on the bottom.

Question 5

Mulatto

Answer 5

An individual with one European parent and one black parent. If they are born into slavery in a Spanish colony, they were a slave for life.

Question 6

Colombian Exchange

Answer 6

An exchange between the Old World, New World, and Africa. In this exchange the Old World gave the New World food, animals, and diseases. Africa gave the New World slaves. Lastly, the New World gave the Old World gold, silver, raw materials, and syphilis.

Question 7

Black Legend

Answer 7

The idea that Spanish conquerors did little but butcher the Indians and steal their gold in the name of Christ.

Question 8

Pope’s Rebellion (1680)

Answer 8

A Native uprising provoked by New Mexican Catholic missionaries trying to suppress Native religious customs. Pueblo rebels burned down all Catholic churches in the Santa Fe area and killed many priests.