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Reproductive Anatomy > Perineum > Flashcards

Perineum Flashcards

1
Q

What are the contents of the male perineum?

A

External genitalia

Perineal muscles

Anal canal

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2
Q

What are the contents of the female perineum?

A

Female external genitalia

Perineal muscles

Anal canal

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3
Q

What are the subdivisions of the perineum?

A

Urogenital triangle

Anal triangle

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4
Q

Where is the line separating the urogenital and anal triangles?

A

Line between two ischial tuberosities transversley

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5
Q

Which perineal triangle lies inferior to the pubic symphysis?

A

Urogenital triangle

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6
Q

Which perineal triangle lies anteroinferior to the coccyx?

A

Anal triangle

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7
Q

Where does the perineal membrane run?

A

Between the right and left sides of the pubic arch, below the pubic symphysis

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8
Q

What is the innervation of the external anal sphincter?

A

Branch of pudendal nerve

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9
Q

What are the main actions of the external anal sphincter?

A

Constricts anal sphincter during peristalsis

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10
Q

What is the innervation of the bulbospongiosus muscle?

A

Muscular/deep branch of perineal nerve

Branch of pudendal nerve

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11
Q

What is the innervation of the ischiocavernous muscle?

A

Muscular/deep branch of perineal nerve

Branch of pudendal nerve

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12
Q

What is the innervation of the superifical transverse perineal muscle?

A

Muscular/deep branch of perineal nerve

Branch of pudendal nerve

Dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris

Terminal branch of pudendal nerve

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13
Q

What is the innervation of the deep transverse perineal muscle?

A

Muscular/deep branch of perineal nerve

Branch of pudendal nerve

Dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris

Terminal branch of pudendal nerve

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14
Q

What is the innervation of the external urethral sphincter?

A

Muscular/deep branch of perineal nerve

Branch of pudendal nerve

Dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris

Terminal branch of pudendal nerve

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15
Q

What are the main actions of the bulbospongiosus muscle?

A

Support and fixes perineal body/ pelvic floor

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16
Q

What are the main actions of the ischiocavernosus muscle?

A

Maintains erection of penis/ clitoris

17
Q

What are the main actions of the superficial transverse perineal muscle?

A

Support and fix perineal body to support abdomino-pelvic viscera

Resist intra-abdominal pressure increases

18
Q

What are the main actions of the deep transverse perineal muscle?

A

Support and fix perineal body to support abdomino-pelvic viscera

Resist intra-abdominal pressure increases

19
Q

What are the main actions of the external urethral sphincter?

A

Compresses urethra to maintain urinary continence

20
Q

What is the perineal body?

A

A fibro-muscular mass

21
Q

What is the clinical significance of the perineal body?

A

If damaged can get prolapse of pelvic viscera

22
Q

What muscles converge towards the perineal body?

A

Bulbospongiosus

External anal sphincter

Superficial and deep transverse perineal muscles

Muscles from external urethral sphincter

Levator ani

23
Q

Which space is the external urethral sphincter found in?

A

Deep perineal pouch

24
Q

What is the innervation of the external urethral sphincter?

A

Branch of pudendal nerve

25
Q

What are the parts of the male urethra?

A

Prostatic

Membranous

Spongy/penile

26
Q

What is the widest part of the male urethra?

A

Prostatic

27
Q

What is the narrowest part of the male urethra?

A

Membranous

28
Q

What is the anterior border of the perineum?

A

The pubic symphysis

29
Q

What is the posterior border of the perineum?

A

The tip of the coccyx

30
Q

What are the lateral borders of the perineum?

A

Inferior pubic rami

Inferior ischial rami

Sacrotuberous ligament

31
Q

What forms the roof of the perineum?

A

Pelvic floor

32
Q

What forms the base of the perineum?

A

Skin

Fascia

Reproductive Anatomy (8 decks)

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