Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

peds 1 > perinatal period > Flashcards

perinatal period Flashcards

1
Q

umbilical vessels have how many veins and arteries

A

1 vein 2 arteries

oxygen rich is in the vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

consequence if PDA does not close

A

pulmonary edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

2 ways to medically close PDA

A
  • ibuprofen or acetaminophen
  • severe– ligation or device closure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

2 ways to medically close PDA

A
  • ibuprofen or acetaminophen
  • severe– ligation or device closure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

by ____ week, breast fed babies should be back to their birth weight

A

2nd

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

staff can do this to allow for continued blood flow from the placenta to the baby during delivery

A

delayed cord clamping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

effects of umbilical cord clamping

A

increases systemic vasc. resistance leading to DV constriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

very preterm week range

A

week 20 to 32

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

moderate preterm range

A

week 32 to 34

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

late preterm range

A

34 - 37 week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

increases end-expiratory lung volume

A

grunting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

tx for apnea d/t prematurity

A

caffeine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

tx for asphyxia d/t placental abruption or umbilical cord compression

A

therapeutic hypothermia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

3 causes of apnea

A

prematurity
asphyxia
infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

first ____ days of life is considered neonate

A

28

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

most important part of neonatal resuscitation

A

ventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

breath:compression ratio in neonatal resus

A

3:1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

normal temp for neonatal

A

97.7-99.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Below the 10th percentile for weight causing thermoregulation issues & hypoglycemia

A

small for gestational age (SGA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Feed Baby! Dextrose gel, D10 Bolus followed by infusion

A

tx for SGA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Above the 90th percentile
most commonly seen in infants of diabetic moms

A

LGA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

normal sugar for babies

A

45-90 mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q
  • RDS, PDA
  • necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)
  • intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)
A

prematurity conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

exclusively in preterm infants; air within wall of the bowel; can progress very fast and cause death

A

necrotizing enterocolities (NEC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

tx for NEC

A

no feeding for 14 days, surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

no good way of preventing it; typically happens within first 72 hrs of premature birth

A

intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)

27
Q

Qualitative or quantitative surfactant deficiency

A

respiratory distress syndrome

28
Q

premature white male
c-section
Gestational Diabetes
Multiple Gestation Pregnancy
fam hx

these are risk factors for?

A

respiratory distress syndrome

29
Q

3 ways to manage respiratory distress syndrome

A
  • maternal steroids in moms w/ preeclampsia or preterm labor
  • respiratory support
  • surfactant right away
30
Q

first intestinal discharge of newborn; contains epithelial cells, fetal hair, mucus, bile

A

meconium

31
Q

Intrauterine stress may cause passage of meconium in amniotic fluid before delivery; fetus aspirates it during gasping in response to hypoxia or hypercapnia

A

meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS)

32
Q

airway obstruction–> trapped air–> hyperinflammation–> chemical pneumonitis–> inactivation of surfactant production and activity

A

pathophys of MAS

33
Q

3 ways to manage MAS

A

resp support PRN
maybe surfactant
abx for 48hrs incase they get pneumonia

34
Q
  • Failure to achieve or sustain the normal decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance at birth, causing Profound cyanosis
  • In conjunction with lung parenchymal dz or systemic illness but can be idiopathic
A

persistent pulmonary HTN of newborn (PPHN)

35
Q
  • breathing fast but doesn’t need resp. support & eating well
  • caused by Delayed resorption of fetal lung fluid by the pulmonary lymphatic system
A

transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN)

36
Q

in addition to starburst pattern of white lines shooting from center on CXR, what else confirms diagnosis of TTN

A

quick resolution in 24 hrs

37
Q

venous HgB of less than 13.3 g/dl indicates what

A

baby anemia

38
Q

most common type of anemia in babies

A

hemorrhagic

39
Q
  • Immune hemolysis
  • Sepsis
  • Congenital erythrocyte defect: metabolic enzyme deficiency, thalassemia, hemoglobinopathies
  • Systemic diseases: galactosemia

these cause what type of anemia

A

hemolytic anemia

40
Q
  • Congenital: Diamond-Blackfan syndrome (congenital hypoplastic anemia) congenital leukemia
  • Acquired: rubella, syphilis infections; aplastic crisis/anemia

these cause what type of anemia

A

hypoplastic

41
Q

Venous Hgb >20g/dL (Hct >68%) indicates what

A

polycythemia

42
Q
  • Rarely occurs in premature newborns
  • Associated with IDM
  • Increased incidence of jaundice
A

polycythemia

43
Q

what is the tx for polycythemia and when do you tx it

A
  • partial to double volume exchange transfusion
  • tx only if sx and only on central Hgb results
44
Q

list some sx of polycythemia (9)

A

lethargy, hypotonia, irritability, jitteriness, weak suck, vomiting, seizures, tremulousness, apnea, desaturation

45
Q

2 ways to manage neonatal jaundice

A
  • blue light phototherapy (oxidizes bilirubin)
  • exchange transfusion if 1+ neurotoxicity risk factor
46
Q
  • Initially reversible neurologic sequelae of untreated indirect hyperbilirubinemia that precedes the development of the most devastating complication, kernicterus
A

acute bilirubin encephalopathy

47
Q
  • Initial phase: lethargy, hypotonia, poor suck
  • Progresses: moderate stupor, irritability, increased tone, arching, fever
  • Next stage: deep stupor, coma, increased tone, inability to feed, seizures

these describe the phases of what

A

acute bilirubin encephalopathy
(note that it goes from hypotonia to hyper tonia)

48
Q
  • jaundice that starts after 24hrs of life, peaks around 3 days of life (5 days in premature)
  • tends to progress from head to toe

jaundice WITHIN first 24 hrs is pathologic

A

exaggerated physiologic jaundice

49
Q
  • Prolonged indirect hyperbilirubinemia that can last up to 3 weeks to months with no evidence of hemolysis or incompatibility d/t breast milk
A

breast milk jaundice

50
Q
  • IgG antibodies cross the placenta and bind to and destroy RBCs
  • Fetal sensitization (positive direct Coombs) occurs only in 3-4%
  • Risk factors present in 12-15% of pregnancies
A

ABO incompatibilty

51
Q

Accounts for 2/3 observed cases of hemolytic disease of the newborn but symptomatic dz occurs in less than 1%

A

ABO incompatibility

52
Q

jaundice in first 24 hrs; usually mild anemia

A

ABO incompatibility

53
Q

3 ways to tx ABO incompatibility

A
  • phototherapy
  • rare– exchange transfusion
  • rare– IVIG

prognosis is excellent

54
Q
  • Incompatibility between Rh(-) mothers previously sensitized to Rh (D) antigen, and her Rh (+) fetus
  • IgG cross the placenta and destroy RBCs of infants with a Rh-antigen
A

Rh isoimmunization

55
Q

when is RhoGAM prophylaxis given to prevent maternal immune system to the Rh antigen

A

28 weeks gestation

56
Q

Rh isoimmunization vs ABO incompatibility– which is more common and which is more severe

A
  • ABO is more common
  • Rh is more severe
57
Q

sx of jaundice in first 24hrs, anemia, hydrops fetalis

what is the condition

A

RH isoimmunization

58
Q

3 ways to manage Rho antepartum

A
  • RhoGAM
  • intrauterine transfusion
  • IVIG
59
Q

3 ways to manage Rho postpartum (for baby)

A
  • phototherapy
  • exchange transfusion
  • IVIG
60
Q

bilirubin that binds to albumin for transport in blood and its able to cross BBB and cause issues

A

indirect/unconjugated bilirubin

61
Q

bilirubin that is conjugated into water-soluble molecule in liver and gets excreted

A

Direct/conjugated bilirubin

62
Q
  • Choreoathetoid cerebral palsy
  • High-frequency sensorineural hearing loss
  • Palsy of vertical gaze
  • Dental enamel hypoplasia
  • Cognitive deficits can be severe
  • Mortality as high as 10%
A

kernicterus implications

63
Q

consequence of untreated severe hyperbilirubinemia

A

kernicterus

peds 1 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions