newborn physical assessment Flashcards
1
Q
- small palpebral fissures
- upturned nose
- smooth philtrum
- thin upper lip
- flat nasal bridge
A
FAS
2
Q
- upslanted palpebral fissure
- flat bridge
- protruding tongue
- hypotonia
- excess skin nape of neck
A
down syndrome
3
Q
- Bleeding (hematoma) in subperiosteal space that does not cross suture line, tense swelling
- 1-2% of all deliveries, more common with vacuum/forceps
- Develops incrementally over 24hr, resolves within a few weeks
A
cephalohematoma
4
Q
- Skin swelling (scalp edema) on presenting part of scalp that can cross midline/suture line.
- Above the periosteum
- Present at birth and stays same size; resolves within a few days
A
caput
5
Q
- Rupture of emissary veins beneath the periosteum —crosses suture lines. Bleeding. Large potential space
- Diffuse fluctuant swelling of the head may shift with movement. Fluid wave; tracks down back of head/neck. Covers large area.
- 50% occur after vacuum assisted delivery
- Mortality: 12-14% due to shock, coagulopathy
A
subgaleal
6
Q
3 birth related trauma
A
- cephalohematoma
- caput
- subgaleal
7
Q
- Blockage of the posterior nasal aperture
- bilateral presents w/ acute resporatory distress and cyanosis relieved by crying, worsened by feeding, noisy breathing
- unilateral is majority and rarely causes sx
- pass catheter down nares
A
choanal atresia
8
Q
- inability to close eye
- flattening of nasolabial fold
- mouth does not move down on AFFECTED side
- improves over first few weeks of life
A
facial nerve palsy
9
Q
most frequent abdominal mass in newborns
A
enlarged kidneys
10
Q
4 possible reasons for no stool in 48 hrs
A
- hirschsprung’s dz
- imperforate anus
- bowel obstruction
- cystic fibrosis
11
Q
- encompasses a spectrum of conditions characterized by abnormal development of the acetabulum, proximal femur, and mechanical instability of the hip joint
- tx with pavlik harness for 3 months
A
DDH
12
Q
anecephaly, myelomeningocele, meningocele
these are examples of what type of defects
A
open neural tube defects
13
Q
- cyanosis of hands, feet, perioral area, resolves by 24-48 hrs
A
Acrocyanosis
14
Q
red, irregular macule with a central yellow pustule/yellow-white papule
- 50% of term infants, onset between 24-48 hrs of life
- start on face then spread to trunk and extremities, lasts about one week
- anywhere on body except palms and soles
A
erythema toxicum
15
Q
angel kiss and stork bite d/t capillary malformation
A
nevus simplex
