Perinatal and Post Partum Psychiatry Flashcards
What are the main areas covered in perinatal psychiatry?
Introduction to perinatal psychiatry, overview of perinatal mental disorders, types, epidemiology, risk factors, treatment considerations, impact on the infant, and organization of services.
What percentage of women are affected by perinatal mental disorders?
Close to 20% of women.
What is the leading cause of disability for women worldwide?
Depression.
When can perinatal mental disorders occur?
From conception up to the end of the first year postpartum.
What are some of the common mental disorders in the perinatal period?
Depression and anxiety.
What is the prevalence of perinatal depression in developed countries?
10-15% of women.
How prevalent are perinatal mental disorders in low- and middle-income countries?
16-20%.
What percentage of women with perinatal mental disorders are not recognized or treated?
More than 50%.
Who currently attends to women with identified perinatal mental disorders?
Child psychiatrists or general adult psychiatrists.
What alternative names are suggested for the perinatal psychiatry specialty?
Mother-infant psychiatry, parent-infant psychiatry, or perinatal-infant psychiatry.
What are the most common perinatal mental disorders?
Depression and anxiety.
What is the prevalence of anxiety disorders in women during the perinatal period in the USA?
13%.
What mental disorder has a higher rate in pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women?
OCD.
What is the prevalence of PTSD in women with traumatic birth experiences?
1-6%.
What are the postpartum psychotic disorder admission rates?
1-2/1000 live births.
What increases the risk of relapse in bipolar disorders during the perinatal period?
20-50%.
What factors are associated with perinatal mental disorders related to adjustment to pregnancy?
Unwanted pregnancies, denial of pregnancy, and complications of pregnancy termination.
What are the potential outcomes for the infant due to maternal mental disorders?
Low birth weight, impaired cognitive development, and poor bonding.
How can some adverse outcomes for children and adolescents be prevented?
Early interventions and routine screening.
What is recommended for early detection of perinatal mental disorders?
Routine screening during antenatal and postnatal visits.
What screening tools are essential for identifying perinatal mental disorders?
Detailed history, physical examinations, and risk assessment.
What psychosocial interventions are effective during pregnancy?
Psychosocial interventions such as peer support, counseling, and psychoeducation.
What are the considerations for pharmacotherapy in the treatment of perinatal mental disorders?
Risk-benefit assessment, lowest effective dose of antidepressants in severe cases.
What are the common risk factors for postpartum psychosis?
Personal history of bipolar affective disorder, primiparity, and complications of pregnancy.
What is the relationship between pregnancy and psychotic disorders?
Pregnancy seems protective with low rates of new onset psychotic disorders.
What should be considered in the management of women with preexisting psychotic disorders during pregnancy?
Lowest effective dose of maintenance medications, liaison with obstetric services.
What are the treatment options for acute postpartum psychotic episodes?
Admission, continuation of breastfeeding, and ECT in severe cases.
How should services for perinatal psychiatry be organized?
Integration with maternal and child health programs, collaboration between mental health services, and training for primary care providers.
What are the functions of a perinatal psychiatry service?
Accurate diagnosis, treatment, training, support, research, and collaboration with other services.
What are the key components of specialist services in perinatal psychiatry?
Multidisciplinary team, day care units, mother-baby units, and community outreach.
