Pericarditis + Tamponade Flashcards
1
Q
- What are the symptoms of acute pericarditis?
- What may you find on auscultation for acute pericarditis?
- What are causes of acute pericarditis?
- What may you find on ECG?
- How do you management acute pericarditis?
A
- Pleuritic chest pain, improved on leaning forwards. Non-productive cough, flu-like symptoms, tachypnoea, tachycardia
- Pericardial rub
- Viral, i.e. Cocksackie, TB, Trauma, Post-MI, HypoT, malignancy, uraemia, connective tissue disorders
- Widespread saddle shaped ST elevation, PR depression
- Colchicine and NSAIDs
2
Q
- What signs you find on constrictive pericarditis?
- What cause is particularly associated with constrictive pericarditis?
- What may you see on CXR?
A
- Signs of Right heart failure, so elevated JVP. Oedema, hepatosplenomegaly, ascitis. Pericardial knock, S3 sound. Kaussmall’s sign (rise in JVP in inspiration). JVP shows X and Y descent
- Tuberculosis
- Pericardial calcification on CXR
3
Q
CARDIAC TAMPONADE
- What is Cardiac Tamponade?
- What are the 3 main features?
- What is the JVP of Cardiac Tamponade?
- Is Pulsus Paradoxus present?
- Is Kausmall breathing present? What is it?
- What is the management?
A
- An accumulation of pericardial fluid under pressure
- Beck’s triad: Rise in JVP, muffled heart sounds, hypotension
- TampaX - only X present, absent Y descent
- YES
- NO, rise in JVP on breathing
- Pericardialcentesis
4
Q
CONSTRICTIVE PERICARDITIS
- What is the JVP of Constrictive Pericarditis?
- Is Pulsus Paradoxus Present?
- Is Kausmall Breathing present? What is it?
- What may you hear on auscultation?
- What may you see on CXR?
A
- X and Y is present
- NO
- YES, rise in JVP on breathing
- Pericardial knock, Loud S3
- Pericardial calcification