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Sport and Exercise Science > Performance enhancers > Flashcards

Performance enhancers Flashcards

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1
Q

Ergogenic aids

A

illegal or legal practices, substances or methods that improve performance

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2
Q

WADA

A

World Anti Doping Agency

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3
Q

Why do athletes take performance enhancing drugs?

A

pressure to perform from themselves, coaches and public
influence of role models
to improve performance in comps and training

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4
Q

what does epo do

A

Used to stimulate bone marrow and produce more red blood cells

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5
Q

Medical uses of epo

A

medical uses include cancer and hiv

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6
Q

epo effect on performance

A

causes a faster rate of aerobic respiration

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7
Q

event for epo

A

used for endurance events

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8
Q

side effects of epo

A

side effects include fever, seizures and anxiety

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9
Q

what does blood doping do

A

boosting the number of red blood cells in the blood stream

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10
Q

Autologous

A

is when the blood is extracted and frozen to then be thawed and injected at a later date

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11
Q

homoglogous

A

is the injection of someones elses fresh blood

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12
Q

medical use of blood doping

A

blood tranfusions

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13
Q

performance effect for blood doping

A

increases red blood cells and haemoglobin. anaerobic system more efficient and decreases lactic acid and fatigue

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14
Q

athletes that would benefit from blood doping

A

endurance athletes

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15
Q

side effects from blood doping

A

heart attack
stroke
allergic reactions

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16
Q

what is hgh and what does it do

A

Human Growth Hormone is a grwoth hormone that increases growth in muscles and other tissues

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17
Q

medical uses of hgh

A

dwarfism
turners syndrome
hiv

18
Q

effect of hgh on performance

A

increased muscle mass which helps powerful, strength demanding sports
can let them train harder and recover quickly

19
Q

types of sports that use hgh

A

powerful, strength demanding sports. weightlifting bodybuilding etc

20
Q

side effects of hgh

A

gigantism
cardiac failure
high cholesterol

21
Q

what do anabolic steroids do

A

synthetic variations of male sex hormone testosterone

22
Q

how do you take anabolic steroids?

A

ingest or inject

23
Q

Medical uses of anabolic steroids

A

anaemia

24
Q

effect of anabolic steroids on performance

A

increases muscle mass and strength

25
Q

side effects of anabolic steroids

A

paranoia
kidney failure
liver damage

26
Q

what do beta blockers do

A

stop adrenaline binding to beta receptors on nerves. reduce heart rate, reduce blood pressure by dilating blood vessels

27
Q

medical uses for beta blockers

A

asthma

28
Q

effects of beta blockers on performance

A

steadiness in sports such as shooting

29
Q

side effects of beta blockers

A

heart failure

30
Q

what is gene therapy

A

a healthy gene is transplanted into cells to replace mutated or absent gene

31
Q

medical uses for gene therapy

A

muscular dystrophy
genetic mutation
type 1 diabetes

32
Q

effects of gene therapy on performance

A

repairs muscles, tendons and ligaments

33
Q

side effects of gene therapy

A

not discovered yet

34
Q

what is caffeine

A

is a naturally occurring substance which is a stimulant and mild diuretic

35
Q

effect of caffeine on performance

A

delayed fatigue
improved concentration
enhanced alertness

36
Q

side effects of caffeine

A

abdominal pain
headaches
high blood pressure

37
Q

what is creatine

A

an acid that provides energy to cells

38
Q

effect of creatine on performance

A

lets the anaerobic energy to perform for longer

39
Q

side effect of creatine

A

damage to liver, kidneys

40
Q

what is protein

A

supplement to build muscle

41
Q

protein effect on performance

A

increases strength and endurance

42
Q

side effects of protein

A

nausea
fatigue
headaches

Sport and Exercise Science (7 decks)

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