Performance enhancers Flashcards
Ergogenic aids
illegal or legal practices, substances or methods that improve performance
WADA
World Anti Doping Agency
Why do athletes take performance enhancing drugs?
pressure to perform from themselves, coaches and public
influence of role models
to improve performance in comps and training
what does epo do
Used to stimulate bone marrow and produce more red blood cells
Medical uses of epo
medical uses include cancer and hiv
epo effect on performance
causes a faster rate of aerobic respiration
event for epo
used for endurance events
side effects of epo
side effects include fever, seizures and anxiety
what does blood doping do
boosting the number of red blood cells in the blood stream
Autologous
is when the blood is extracted and frozen to then be thawed and injected at a later date
homoglogous
is the injection of someones elses fresh blood
medical use of blood doping
blood tranfusions
performance effect for blood doping
increases red blood cells and haemoglobin. anaerobic system more efficient and decreases lactic acid and fatigue
athletes that would benefit from blood doping
endurance athletes
side effects from blood doping
heart attack
stroke
allergic reactions
what is hgh and what does it do
Human Growth Hormone is a grwoth hormone that increases growth in muscles and other tissues
medical uses of hgh
dwarfism
turners syndrome
hiv
effect of hgh on performance
increased muscle mass which helps powerful, strength demanding sports
can let them train harder and recover quickly
types of sports that use hgh
powerful, strength demanding sports. weightlifting bodybuilding etc
side effects of hgh
gigantism
cardiac failure
high cholesterol
what do anabolic steroids do
synthetic variations of male sex hormone testosterone
how do you take anabolic steroids?
ingest or inject
Medical uses of anabolic steroids
anaemia
effect of anabolic steroids on performance
increases muscle mass and strength
side effects of anabolic steroids
paranoia
kidney failure
liver damage
what do beta blockers do
stop adrenaline binding to beta receptors on nerves. reduce heart rate, reduce blood pressure by dilating blood vessels
medical uses for beta blockers
asthma
effects of beta blockers on performance
steadiness in sports such as shooting
side effects of beta blockers
heart failure
what is gene therapy
a healthy gene is transplanted into cells to replace mutated or absent gene
medical uses for gene therapy
muscular dystrophy
genetic mutation
type 1 diabetes
effects of gene therapy on performance
repairs muscles, tendons and ligaments
side effects of gene therapy
not discovered yet
what is caffeine
is a naturally occurring substance which is a stimulant and mild diuretic
effect of caffeine on performance
delayed fatigue
improved concentration
enhanced alertness
side effects of caffeine
abdominal pain
headaches
high blood pressure
what is creatine
an acid that provides energy to cells
effect of creatine on performance
lets the anaerobic energy to perform for longer
side effect of creatine
damage to liver, kidneys
what is protein
supplement to build muscle
protein effect on performance
increases strength and endurance
side effects of protein
nausea
fatigue
headaches
