Perception & attention/ Brain & behaviour Flashcards
What is sensation
the stimulus driven process by which out sense organs respond to and translate stimuli into nerve impulses that are sent to the brain
What is perception
the active process of organising the stimulus input and giving it meaning
What is bottom up processing
Individual stimuli are combined to make unified perception
What is top-down processing
Processing in light of existing knowledge (motives, expectations experiences etc)
What factors affect top-down processing
Attention, past experiences, current state (hungry etc), emotions, individual values and expectations, environment
What factors influence attention and perception
Intensity, novelty, movement, contrast, repetition, motives, interests, threats, mood, arousal
What are the two types of attention
divided vs focused
What are the 4 stages of memory process
Registration
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval
What are the two types of long term memory
declarative - store of knowledge
non-declerative - familiarity with something, knowledge of how to interact with an object or in a situation without thinking about it
What are the 3 types of declerative memory
Episodic - related to personal experience
Semantic - facts
Working - short term
Give 2 strategies for enhancing memory (with examples)
By assimilation - inking words with previous knowledge /giving words
a meaning e.g. ABC (airways, breathing, circulation)
Learn by mnemonics
What is broca’s area
left frontal lobe
Important for producing speech
Features of broca’s aphasia
non-fluent speech, impaired repetition, intact comprehension, poor speech
What is wernicke’s area
in posterior tempero-parietal area
important for understanding language
Features of wenicke’s aphasia
fluent, meaningless speech, substitute words with similar meanings/sounds, impaired writing
