Perception & attention/ Brain & behaviour Flashcards

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1
Q

What is sensation

A

the stimulus driven process by which out sense organs respond to and translate stimuli into nerve impulses that are sent to the brain

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2
Q

What is perception

A

the active process of organising the stimulus input and giving it meaning

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3
Q

What is bottom up processing

A

Individual stimuli are combined to make unified perception

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4
Q

What is top-down processing

A

Processing in light of existing knowledge (motives, expectations experiences etc)

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5
Q

What factors affect top-down processing

A

Attention, past experiences, current state (hungry etc), emotions, individual values and expectations, environment

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6
Q

What factors influence attention and perception

A

Intensity, novelty, movement, contrast, repetition, motives, interests, threats, mood, arousal

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7
Q

What are the two types of attention

A

divided vs focused

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8
Q

What are the 4 stages of memory process

A

Registration
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval

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9
Q

What are the two types of long term memory

A

declarative - store of knowledge
non-declerative - familiarity with something, knowledge of how to interact with an object or in a situation without thinking about it

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10
Q

What are the 3 types of declerative memory

A

Episodic - related to personal experience
Semantic - facts
Working - short term

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11
Q

Give 2 strategies for enhancing memory (with examples)

A

By assimilation - inking words with previous knowledge /giving words
a meaning e.g. ABC (airways, breathing, circulation)

Learn by mnemonics

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12
Q

What is broca’s area

A

left frontal lobe

Important for producing speech

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13
Q

Features of broca’s aphasia

A

non-fluent speech, impaired repetition, intact comprehension, poor speech

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14
Q

What is wernicke’s area

A

in posterior tempero-parietal area

important for understanding language

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15
Q

Features of wenicke’s aphasia

A

fluent, meaningless speech, substitute words with similar meanings/sounds, impaired writing

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16
Q

What are executive function skills

A

mental processes that enable us to plan, focus attention, remember instructions and juggle multiple tasks successfully

17
Q

common characteristics of dysexecutive syndrome

A

impulsive, disinhibition, emotional bluntness, attention problems, inability to plan goal-directed behaviour, difficulty grasping complex ideas

18
Q

What is dysexecutive syndrome normally due to

A

frontal lobe damage