PERCEPTION Flashcards
___ refers to the interpretation of what we take in through our senses.
Perception
We have 5 perceptual systems:
Visual (Sight)
Auditory (Hearing)
Haptic (Touch)
Savor (Smelling and Tasle)
Basic orientational perceptual system
Conscious outcome of sense organs and projection regions. (“I detect something”, not necessarily conscious, and not necessarily meaningful)
Sensation
means by which information acquired from the environment via the sense organs is transformed (organized) into conscious experiences of objects, events, sounds, tastes, etc. (“I know, recognize, appreciate what I am sensing, and it means something to me”)
Perception
3 stages of visual processing
- Reception
- Transduction
- Coding
Factors that influence perception
- The object of perception
- Backgrounds and surroundings
- The perceiver
some things in our environment tend to attract attention
The Object of Perception:
our surroundings at the moment of perception will affect our perceptions
Backgrounds and Surroundings
we each bring unique experiences and personal points of view to each situation
The Perceiver
In order to make sense of our world our brains try to see patterns or shapes that are recognizable. This principle is called “______”.
grouping
Two complementary issues of Perceptual Organization
- Organizing
- Parsing
____ coherent objects and events out of segregated sensory/perceptual inputs (“binding”)
Organizing
“_____” the perceptual world; understanding which inputs belong together and which come from separate objects
Parsing
group objects that are close together as being part of same group
Proximity
Objects similar in appearance are perceived as being part of same group
Similarity
Objects that form a continuous form are perceived as same group
Continuity
like top-down processing…we fill gaps in if we can recognize it
Closure
Objects arranged in either a straight line or a smooth curve tend to be seen as a unit.
Law of Good Continuation, or Continuity
– interlocking figure/ground
Tessellation
– cues that provide depth information with one eye closed
Monocular depth cues
Binocular Cues to Depth
- Binocular Disparity
- Binocular Convergence
- Motion Parallax
different images to each eye as a function of object closeness; basis of stereoscopic vision
Binocular disparity:
: rotation of eyes depending on object closeness; brain receives efferent motor signals from ocular muscles and interprets distance accordingly
Binocular convergence
differential perception of motion (speed and direction) as a function of distance from perceiver
Motion parallax:
