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Cognitive > Perception 1 > Flashcards

Perception 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is perception?

A

process of acquiring knowledge about environmental events

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2
Q

What is the perceptual process broken down into?

A

sensation and perception

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3
Q

Define sensation

A

process of transforming physical stimuli to electrical signals

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4
Q

Define perception (in terms of sensation)

A

process of interpreting sensation signals for conscious awareness and for action

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5
Q

In what was has perception evolved?

A

To aid the survival and reproduction of organisms

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6
Q

What is somatosensory perception?

A

touch

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7
Q

What is visual perception?

A

seeing

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8
Q

What is gustatory perception?

A

Taste

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9
Q

What is auditory perception?

A

Hearing

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10
Q

What is olfactory perception?

A

Smell

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11
Q

What are illusions?

A

situations in which perception differs from reality

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12
Q

What can illusions provide insight into?

A

Processes of sensation and perception

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13
Q

What are ambiguous figures?

A

Images that can give rise to 2 or more distinct perceptions

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14
Q

Is perception a clear window into reality?

A

No

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15
Q

When presented with an illusion, what is the brain trying to do?

A

Figuring out what is there based on the available information

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16
Q

What 2 factors aid perception?

A

Knowledge and sensory input

17
Q

What is top-down processing?

A

Using knowledge about the structure of the world to influence perception

18
Q

What is bottom-up processing?

A

Information from the senses and then making judgements about the situation/ world based on this info

19
Q

What process does constructivist theorists focus on?

A

Top-down processing

20
Q

What did Helmholtz argue?

A

Inadequate info provided by the senses is augmented by unconscious inference

21
Q

What do constructivist theorists describe illusions as?

A

As rational inferences rather than ‘perceptual errors’

22
Q

What process do direct theorists focus on?

A

Bottom-up processing

23
Q

What did Gibson argue?

A

The constructivist approach may underestimate the richness of the sensory evidence we receive

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