peptic ulcer disease

Question 1

what are the causes of peptic ulcer disease?

Answer 1

-high acid secretion- excessive acid overcomes barriers of stomach into duodenum and oesophagus
-normal acid secretion in stomach

Question 2

what drugs can cause peptic ulcer disease?

Answer 2

-nsaids
-systemic steroids

Question 3

how does normal acid secretion cause PUD?

Answer 3

-reduced protective mucous lining of the stomach
-protective lining may be removed by nsaids, steroid and h. pylori

Question 4

what is the treatment for h.pylori?

Answer 4

-2 antibiotics (amoxy+metran)
-1 proton pump inhibitor (omeprazole)
must re-test to check its eliminated

Question 5

what are the signs and symptoms of PUD?

Answer 5

often asymptomatic
-burning

signs normally come with complications of PUD- bleeding/perforation of ulcers

Question 6

how are PUD investigated?

Answer 6

-endoscopy (can also take sample)
-full blood count to check for bleeding-anaemia
-h.pylori test

Question 7

what are the complications of PUD?

Answer 7

-perforation
-haemorrhage
-lymphoma if chronic inflammation
-stricture (scarring-narrowing)

-anaemia

Question 8

what are the treatments for PUD?

Answer 8

medical:
lifestyle changes- smoking/smaller meals
H.plori eradication therapy
PPI for ulcer healing

surgical if:
stricture
haemorrhage
perforation
malignancy

Question 9

medication fo PUD?

Answer 9

-h2 receptor blockers
-proton pump inhibitors
-eliminate h.pylori
-prostaglandin inhibitors if using nsaids/steroids

Question 10

where can peptic ulcers affect?

Answer 10

any acid affected site
-oesophagus
-stomach
-duodenum