People of European History

Question 1

Charles IV

Answer 1

king of France, last surviving son of Philip the Fair

Question 2

Joan of Arc

Answer 2

helped French to reconquer Normandy and Aquitaine through her presence at Orleans

Question 3

Dante Alighieri

Answer 3

wrote the Divine Comedy

Question 4

Geoffrey Chaucer

Answer 4

wrote Canterbury Tales

Question 5

Francois Villon

Answer 5

wrote the Grand Testament and Lais

Question 6

Christine de Pisan

Answer 6

wrote the Livre de la mutacion de fortune, the Ditte (celebrated Joan of Arc’s victory), and the City of Ladies

Question 7

Charles III

Answer 7

French king who invaded Italy in 1494

Question 8

Florentine Giovanni Boccaccio

Answer 8

wrote The Decameron

Question 9

Baldassare Castiglione

Answer 9

wrote The Courtier (treatise that sought to train, discipline, and fashion the young man into the ideal gentleman)

Question 10

Niccolo Machiavelli

Answer 10

wrote The Prince (revolves around how to gain/maintain power and how the ruler should be concerned not with the way things ought to be but with the way things actually are); the end justifies the means

Question 11

Johann Gutenberg, Johann Faust, and Peter Schoffer

Answer 11

made movable type

Question 12

Edward III

Answer 12

son of Queen Isabella in England who was made king after Isabella disposed of her husband, Edward II

Question 13

Thomas More

Answer 13

model for Christian ideals, wrote Utopia, maintained that acquisitiveness and private property promoted vices and civil disorders

Question 14

Desiderus Erasmus

Answer 14

believed that education was key to reformation, publications included The Education of a Christian Prince and The Praise of Folly

Question 15

Francois Rabelais

Answer 15

had more secular/humorous works that included Garantua and Pantagruel

Question 16

Charles VII

Answer 16

began France’s recovery from the Hundred Years’ War: reconciled the Burgundians and Armagnacs, increased influence of middle-class men, strengthened finances through taxes, published Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges

Question 17

Louis XI

Answer 17

known as the “Spider King” who promoted new industries (such as silk weaving at Lyons and Tours), welcomed foreign craftsmen, entered into commercial treaties, improved the army through taxes, and cut into urban independence.

Question 18

Ferdinand/Isabella

Answer 18

King and Queen of Spain, curbed aristocratic power through local police, restructuring the royal council and selecting the higher clergy. also made Jews to convert to Christianity and later expelled them

Question 19

Martin Luther

Answer 19

A friar who wrote the 95 Thesis to articulate desire for reform of the christian church. Also believed that salvation came from faith alone.

Question 20

John Tetzel

Answer 20

A dominican friar who was hired to sell indulgences.

Question 21

Ulrich Zwingli

Answer 21

A swiss humanist who introduced the reformation in Switzerland and believed that a christian life rested on the scriptures.

Question 22

Maximilian I

Answer 22

King of the Austrian house of Habsburg who married Mary of Burgundy; enforced Treaty of Arras that declared French Burgundy a part of the kingdom of France

Question 23

Charles V

Answer 23

great grandson of Maximilian and Mary and inherited their possessions and territory; secured imperial title, defended Catholicism, and shared blame with German princes for the disintegration of imperial authorit; agreed to the Peace of Augsburg

Question 24

John Wycliffe

Answer 24

leader of the Lollards, urged them to read the Bible and interpret it thenselves

Question 25

Jean Baptiste Colbert

Answer 25

centralized the French economy by instituting mercantilism