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Geography > People and Environment > Flashcards

People and Environment Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a Biome?

A

A large scale ecosystem

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2
Q

What does Abiotic mean?

A

Non-living elements of an ecosystem, such as climate, temperature, water, and soil type

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3
Q

What does Biotic mean?

A

Living elements of an ecosystem, such as plants and animals

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4
Q

What is an Ecosystem?

A

The living organisms in a particular area, together with the non-living components of the environment

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5
Q

What does Flora mean?

A

All types of plant species that live in a specific area

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6
Q

What does Fauna mean?

A

All the different types of animals that live in a specific area

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7
Q

What is the Nutrient Cycle?

A

Cyclic movements of nutrients such as calcium, potassium, and magnesium within an ecosystem

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8
Q

What does industrialisation mean?

A

When a country’s economy moves from being based on farming to being based on industry

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9
Q

What does urbanisation mean?

A

A growth in the urban population, usually resulting in the extension of towns or cities

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10
Q

What does wealth mean?

A

An abundance of valuable possessions or money

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11
Q

What does exploitation mean?

A

When the natural environment is destroyed for its natural resources, eg deforestation as a result of cutting timber

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12
Q

What is the Boseruptian theory?

A

Boserup wrote ‘the necessity is the mother of invention’ that means if you need it someone will invent it, eg if more food was needed people would invent ways of increasing food supply

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13
Q

What is the Malthusian theory?

A

The theory states that food production will not be able to keep up with the growth in the human population, resulting in world hunger, wars, etc

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14
Q

What does Altitide mean?

A

The height of an object or point in relation to sea level or ground level

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15
Q

What does Latitude mean?

A

Imaginary lines around the Earths running parallel to the equator. These are measured in degrees north or south of the equator

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16
Q

What is the Carbon Cycle?

A

The processes and events involved in recycling carbon in the environment

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17
Q

Who are Indigenous People?

A

The first known human inhabitants of an area

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18
Q

What is a Biosphere?

A

The area of the Earth and its atmosphere where living organisms are found

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19
Q

What is Biodiversity?

A

The range of animals and plant in a given area

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20
Q

What are Buttress Roots?

A

A tree root that grows above the forest floor to provide nutrients and support

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21
Q

What is Deforestation?

A

The cutting down of trees and forests to allow a different land use

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22
Q

What are Drip Tips?

A

Plants with pointy tips. This allows water to run off the leaves quickly without damaging or breaking the leaves

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23
Q

What is Ecotourism?

A

Tourism which aims to be environmentally friendly

24
Q

What are Food Webs?

A

A network of food chains, showing how they all link together

25
Q

What is Hydroelectric power (HEP)?

A

Energy generated from fast flowing water

26
Q

What are Lianas?

A

A plant (vine) which grows up from the roots of trees in the rainforest

27
Q

What are Epiphytes?

A

Plants which live on the branches of trees high up in the canopy of the tropical rainforest

28
Q

What are Trophic levels?

A

The different levels of the food web

29
Q

What is Net Primary Productivity (NPP)?

A

The amount of energy made available by plants to animals at the herbivore level

30
Q

What is Acid Precipitation?

A

Acid rain

31
Q

What is Biofuel?

A

A type of energy source derived from renewable plant and animal materials

32
Q

What is Commercial Farming?

A

Growing crops on a large scale for sale

33
Q

What are Fossil Fuels?

A

Natural, finite fuel formed from the remains of living organisms

34
Q

What is a Drought?

A

It is a period of time when an area or region experienced below-normal precipitation

35
Q

What are Directs Threats?

A

Immediate human actions

36
Q

What are Indirect Threats?

A

More long term problems

37
Q

What is an Invasive Species?

A

An organism that is not indigenous, or native, to a particular area.

38
Q

What is logging?

A

The process of cutting and processing trees to produce timber and pulp for goods

39
Q

What is Subsistence Farming?

A

The practice of growing crops and raising livestock sufficient only for one’s own use

40
Q

What is Strip Mining

A

The process of obtaining ore from an open pit in the ground

41
Q

What is Conservation?

A

The care and protection of resources so that they can persist for future generations

42
Q

What are Carbon emissions?

A

The release of carbon carbon dioxide gas into the atmosphere

43
Q

What does Renewable mean?

A

Energy sources that are replenished and not exhausted

44
Q

What does Non-Renewable mean?

A

A resource that cannot be replaced when it is used up

45
Q

What is a Carbon Footprint?

A

A measure of how much carbon is used through the activities of a person, company or country

46
Q

What is Congestion Charge?

A

The payment due if a private vehicle drives in a defined area during certain times of the week

47
Q

What is Energy Consumption?

A

The total energy used by all human beings

48
Q

What is Energy Security?

A

A country that has enough energy to meet its demand

49
Q

What are Fossil Fuels?

A

Natural, finite fuel formed from the remains of living organisms

50
Q

What are Solar Panels?

A

A piece of equipment used to generate electricity by capturing heat from the sun

51
Q

What does Energy Mix mean?

A

The balance of the different types of energy which a country uses

52
Q

What are Finite Stocks?

A

Non-renewable resources

53
Q

What is Black Gold

A

Oil found underground

54
Q

What does Gross Domestic Product (GDP) mean?

A

Is the total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year

55
Q

What are biofuels?

A

Fuels made from plant materials

Geography (7 decks)

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